Public Health Interventions and Determinants

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following health interventions is not typical of primary prevention?

Chemoprophylaxis

Preventive immunization

Food hygiene

Community screening (correct)

The level of health of a community depends on the following main determinants:

Intersectoral coordination, health care and socioeconomic development

Living habits, environment, genetics and healthcare (correct)

Health care, disease prevention and rehabilitation

Socioeconomic conditions, environment and education (correct)

Point out the correct statement:

Health protection is aimed at individuals (correct)

Specific prevention focuses on the general population

Preventive medicine aimed at the masses is equivalent to promotion

All are correct (correct)

Frite Index: SS indicates:

They are all true Signup and view all the answers

According to the current legal concept, a live birth is considered:

The child who is born alive Signup and view all the answers

Indicate the incorrect answer about censuses:

It is the responsibility of the municipality Signup and view all the answers

Indicate the correct answer:

The synthetic fertility index equal to 2 indicates that there are good prospects for the survival of the species in a country Signup and view all the answers

The best indicator of health status is:

Life expectancy at birth Signup and view all the answers

Fetal mortality includes:

From conception to birth Signup and view all the answers

Friz index 79.94 and Sundbarg A-30.27 and 8-47.71:

Indicates mature and regressive population respectively Signup and view all the answers

What situation would you include in the numerator of the maternal mortality formula?

Women who die from receiving treatment Signup and view all the answers

According to the following infant mortality rates for 2010, indicate the correct statement: A 176, B 149, C 52, D 3

Spain would be similar to the value presented by D Signup and view all the answers

What indicator gives me the average number of children per woman at the end of her fertile life:

General fertility rate Signup and view all the answers

Who are the most receptive to health education:

People with acute illnesses Signup and view all the answers

The indirect method of health education:

Its use is not recommended at the beginning of programs Signup and view all the answers

What health education technique cannot we use to transmit complex messages:

The indirect method Signup and view all the answers

The first international health promotion conference took place in:

Ottawa Signup and view all the answers

The health education program with the best cost-effectiveness is:

Health education at school Signup and view all the answers

Counseling or medical advice:

Requires new skills Signup and view all the answers

With whom will we use persuasive communication?:

Healthy adults Signup and view all the answers

Why was the health promotion movement born?

Faced with a situation of social inequalities in global health Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct statement:

In the Spanish health system, health services are under the responsibility of the autonomous communities Signup and view all the answers

Which health system has greater equity and cost control:

National health system Signup and view all the answers

The moderator ticket:

Avoid over saturation Signup and view all the answers

The health system in France corresponds to the model:

Bismarck Signup and view all the answers

In a population classified as progressive, where the average age is above 50 years, the senile dependency rate:

A and C are correct Signup and view all the answers

According to the United States health model:

It has frequent accessibility problems Signup and view all the answers

Specialized health care:

The most common and mild pathologies of the disease are treated Signup and view all the answers

In the phases of health education:

a) Needs continuous evaluation in all phases Signup and view all the answers

Instruments that increase population participation in order to improve their health (incorrect)

b) Self-medication Signup and view all the answers

Point out the incorrect statement

b) The health promotion movement was an urgent action promoted by the worker Signup and view all the answers

Positive externality means:

a) It is an indirect benefit received by a population group that is not directly protected Signup and view all the answers

Points out the Principle of a perfect health system that was not guaranteed before 2011 in Spain:

Universality Signup and view all the answers

Country with low birth rate, low mortality rate and high life expectancy:

c) Spain Signup and view all the answers

According to the following table of crude mortality rate for the year 2010, select the correct answer: Country1: 17.49 / Country 2: 15.72 / Country 3: 9 / Country 4: 8.5

d) Crude mortality rates cannot be compared directly between countries without knowing their demographic structures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health Interventions

Primary prevention does not typically include community screening.
Food hygiene and preventive immunization are examples of primary prevention.
Chemoprophylaxis is a type of primary prevention.

Determinants of Health

The level of health of a community depends on socioeconomic conditions, environment, and education.
Healthcare, disease prevention, and rehabilitation are also important determinants of health.
Intersectoral coordination, healthcare, and socioeconomic development are additional determinants.

Preventive Medicine

Specific prevention focuses on a specific disease or group of diseases.
Health protection is aimed at individuals, not the general population.
Preventive medicine aimed at the masses is not equivalent to promotion.

Population Demographics

Frite Index: SS indicates a bulb-type pyramid with high juvenile and senile dependency.
A live birth is considered when a child is born alive.
Crude birth rate is a good indicator for comparing countries with similar social structures.

Census and Data Collection

Census collection is individualized, and variables collected include personal data and data about buildings.
The responsibility of census collection lies with the municipality.
The next census will be done in 2021.

Health Indicators

The best indicator of health status is life expectancy at birth.
Infant mortality and maternal mortality are also important indicators of health status.
The synthetic fertility index is a measure of the average number of children per woman at the end of her fertile life.

Fetal and Infant Mortality

Fetal mortality includes deaths from conception to birth.
Infant mortality includes deaths from birth to the first year of life.
Fetal mortality rates are not the same as infant mortality rates.

Health Education

The most receptive to health education are people with acute illnesses.
The indirect method of health education is not effective for transmitting complex messages.
Health education programs with the best cost-effectiveness are those in the community.

Health Promotion

The health promotion movement was born in response to social inequalities in global health.
The first international health promotion conference took place in Ottawa.
Health promotion seeks strategies such as citizen participation to improve health.

Health Systems

The health system in France corresponds to the Bismarck model.
The health system in the United States has great advances in research and technology but frequent accessibility problems.
The National Health System has greater equity and cost control.

Health Care

Specialized health care is not only offered in hospitals and treats more complex pathologies.
The moderator ticket is not completely free and aims to avoid over saturation.
The health system in Spain has a high cost of health care due to an aging population.

Population Pyramids

A population pyramid can be classified as progressive, stationary, or regressive based on the age distribution.
In a progressive population, the average age is above 50 years, and the senile dependency rate is high.
A bulb-type pyramid indicates a high juvenile and senile dependency rate.

Health Education Phases

Needs continuous evaluation in all phases.
Evaluation of health status is not an instrument that increases population participation in health improvement.

Positive Externality

Positive externality means an indirect benefit received by a population group that is not directly protected.

Health Systems Principles

A principle of a perfect health system is universality, which was not guaranteed before 2011 in Spain.
Financing through taxes is another principle of a perfect health system.

Country Comparison

Country with low birth rate, low mortality rate, and high life expectancy is Spain.
Crude mortality rates cannot be compared directly between countries without knowing their demographic structures.

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Description

Learn about primary prevention, health determinants, and their impact on community health. Explore the role of socioeconomic conditions, environment, education, and healthcare in shaping public health.