Public Health Exam Prep - PH 101
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three core functions of public health practice?

  • Research Implementation (correct)
  • Policy Development
  • Assessment
  • Assurance

What is the primary focus of the Health in All Policies (HiAP) approach?

  • Focusing exclusively on healthcare services
  • Integrating health considerations into policymaking across sectors (correct)
  • Addressing environmental issues in isolation
  • Prioritizing health in economic policies only

In the U.S. healthcare model, which option describes the predominant method of coverage for most Americans?

  • Out-of-pocket payments only
  • Employer-based insurance (correct)
  • Medicare exclusively for the elderly
  • Government-funded insurance for all

Which of the following components is NOT included in a logic model?

<p>Stakeholders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it typically take for research evidence to be incorporated into routine practice?

<p>17 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of implementation science?

<p>To promote systematic uptake of research findings into practice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which healthcare model is characterized by being government-funded through taxes?

<p>Beveridge Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is described as descriptive and includes opinions and interviews?

<p>Qualitative data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law is an example of legislation aimed at improving workplace safety?

<p>The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the purpose of a logic model?

<p>To visualize relationships between program components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the sectors in public health?

<p>Health Psychology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three core functions of public health practice?

<p>Assessment, Assurance, Policy Development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect distinguishes the Beveridge healthcare model from the healthcare system in the United States?

<p>Healthcare is funded through taxation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines implementation science?

<p>The process of translating research into practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes 'Health in All Policies' (HiAP)?

<p>It integrates health considerations into policymaking across sectors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of active surveillance in public health?

<p>To actively seek out health data on specific diseases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a legal factor contributing to safer workplaces?

<p>Market Competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of data is considered quantitative in public health research?

<p>Statistical health metrics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an epidemic from an endemic?

<p>Epidemic occurs when disease prevalence exceeds expectations in a population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about reverse causation is true?

<p>It implies that the outcome is the cause of the exposure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reverse causation imply in the context of health outcomes?

<p>Poor health may be incorrectly viewed as the cause of low income. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the core functions of public health practice?

<p>Assurance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is known for monitoring global health indicators?

<p>World Health Organization (WHO) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates an epidemic from an endemic disease?

<p>Epidemics occur suddenly, while endemics are regularly found in certain populations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the CDC play in federal government health powers?

<p>It regulates public health policies and funds programs like Medicaid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laws could potentially reduce firearm-related injuries?

<p>Background checks and safe storage laws. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Active surveillance in public health can best be described as?

<p>Proactively seeking data to detect and respond to potential outbreaks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does true surveillance of health conditions entail?

<p>Systematic collection and dissemination of health data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a major cause of death in the U.S. as of 2021?

<p>Heart disease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the non-function of public health assessment imply?

<p>Providing clinical care primarily. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Core functions of public health

Assessment, policy development, and assurance are the three core functions of public health practice.

Public health sectors

Epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, social/behavioral sciences, health services, and global health are areas in public health.

Logic models

Logic models illustrate the relationships between the components of an issue.

Implementation science

Implementation science studies how to put evidence-based practices into everyday use in healthcare.

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Beveridge healthcare system

The Beveridge model of healthcare is a universal healthcare system where the government funds and delivers care.

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US healthcare system

The US healthcare system is primarily market-based, private insurance is prevalent, but it isn't universal.

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Health in all Policies (HiAP)

HiAP integrates health considerations into all aspects of policy making.

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Surveillance data

Surveillance data is information used to monitor health conditions, trends, and risks.

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Qualitative vs. Quantitative data

Qualitative data is descriptive, while quantitative data is numerical.

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Active surveillance

Active surveillance is a process of proactively looking for new cases of a health condition.

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Public Health Practice Core Functions

Assessment (identifying health problems), Policy Development (creating solutions), Assurance (ensuring services are provided effectively).

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Logic Model Purpose

Visual representation of program inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts to identify program gaps and set priorities.

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Beveridge Model

Government-funded healthcare system where healthcare is a public service; like UK's NHS.

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Logistics Management in Health

Planning, implementing, and controlling the delivery of health resources.

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Logic Model Components

Inputs (resources), Activities (actions), Outputs (deliverables), Outcomes (results), and Impacts.

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Qualitative Data

Descriptive data like opinions and interviews.

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Quantitative Data

Numerical data like statistics and surveys.

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Reverse Causation

When an outcome (e.g., poor health) is mistakenly believed to be the cause of something else, when it's actually the effect of a different underlying factor (e.g., low income).

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Social Determinants of Health

Factors that influence health outcomes, like access to healthcare, housing quality, and education.

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Federal Government's Role in Health

The federal government impacts health through policies like funding for healthcare programs, public health regulations, and disease prevention initiatives.

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Firearm Safety Laws

Laws designed to reduce firearm-related injuries and deaths, such as background checks and safe storage requirements.

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CDC's Public Health Achievements

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has contributed to disease prevention, emergency preparedness, and health promotion.

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Epidemic vs. Endemic

An epidemic is a sudden surge in cases of a disease (e.g., COVID-19), while an endemic disease is consistently present in a population (e.g., malaria in certain regions).

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True Surveillance of Health Conditions

The process of systematically collecting, analyzing, and sharing health data to guide decisions.

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Public Health Assessment

One of the three core functions of public health, involving analyzing health issues and identifying needs.

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World Health Organization (WHO)

The WHO plays a vital role in global health by monitoring health indicators and setting global policies.

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Study Notes

Public Health Exam Prep - PH 101

  • Core Public Health Functions: Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance
  • Public Health Practice: Views populations as complex due to social determinants, cultural diversity, and systemic inequalities.
  • Logical Models: Visualize relationships between inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts of a program. Used to identify gaps and set priorities.
  • Healthcare Systems:
    • Beveridge Model: Government-funded healthcare (e.g., UK NHS).
    • U.S. Model: Mixed system with public (Medicare/Medicaid) and private insurers; employer-based insurance covers most Americans.
  • Implementation Science: Study of promoting systematic use of research findings to improve health outcomes.
  • Effective Logistics Management: Planning, implementation, and control of services to ensure health resources delivery.
  • Health in All Policies (HiAP): Integrates health considerations into policymaking across sectors to improve outcomes.
  • Logic Model Components: Inputs (resources), Activities (actions), Outputs (deliverables), Outcomes (short and long-term results).
  • Public Health Achievements (20th Century): 10 significant improvements.
  • Reverse Causation: Mistaking an outcome (e.g., poor health) as the cause of something else (e.g., low income) rather than the actual cause.
  • Politics and Macrosocial Determinants of Health: Political decisions influence social determinants like healthcare, housing, and education.
  • Federal Govt. Powers in Health: CDC, funding for Medicaid/Medicare, regulation of public health.
  • Firearms Laws: Background checks, safe storage laws, and restrictions reduce firearm-related injuries and deaths.
  • Epidemic vs. Endemic:
    • Epidemic: Sudden increase in disease cases.
    • Endemic: Regularly found disease in a region.
  • Active Surveillance: Proactively seeking data—detecting outbreaks.
  • True Surveillance: Systematic collection, analysis, and dissemination of health data for decision-making.
  • Public Health Assessment Role: Does not include direct clinical care.
  • Global Health System Engagement: Organizations like the WHO set global policies and monitor health indicators.
  • Top 5 US Causes of Death (2021): Heart disease, cancer, COVID-19, unintentional injuries, stroke.
  • Public Health Sectors: Epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, social/behavioral sciences, health services, and global health.
  • Populations & Health Issues: Viewed as complex due to social determinants (e.g., poverty, racism, discrimination), cultural diversity, and systemic inequities.
  • Evidence-Based Practice: Takes 17 years to fully integrate research evidence into practice.

Sectors in Public Health

  • Epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, social/behavioral sciences, health services, global health.
  • Populations complexities arise from social determinants, cultural diversity, and systemic inequalities.

Three Core Functions of Public Health

  • Assessment: Monitoring and diagnosing health issues.
  • Policy Development: Creating policies to address health problems.
  • Assurance: Ensuring effective delivery of health services.

Additional Topics

  • Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data: Qualitative focuses on descriptions (opinions, interviews), while quantitative utilizes numerical data (stats, surveys).
  • Public Health Achievements (20th Century): Examples are in the notes, and are key achievements.
  • Laws for Safer Workplaces: Example is the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) to reduce workplace injuries and deaths.
  • Healthcare Models & Coverage: Include Beveridge, Bismarck, National Health Insurance, employer based, and out of pocket.
  • Types of Surveillance: Active, True, Non-function and examples
  • Global Health Importance of Global organizations such as the WHO, and the global perspective on disease
  • Public Health Systems: Responsibilities and functions.

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Study Guide for Exam 4 PH 101 PDF

Description

Prepare for your PH 101 exam with this comprehensive quiz covering core public health functions, healthcare systems, and effective logistics management. Dive into essential concepts like implementation science and the Health in All Policies approach. Enhance your understanding of public health practice and policy development.

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