PTU Pharmacology Drug Classes

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Questions and Answers

What is the treatment for hypothyroid?

  • Levothyroxine (Synthroid) (correct)
  • Azelastine
  • Methimazole (Tapazole)
  • Warfarin (Coumadin)

What medication is used to manage hyperthyroid conditions?

  • Guaifenesin (Musinex)
  • Propylthiouracil (Propyl-Thyracil) (correct)
  • Alteplase (Activase)
  • Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

Which of the following are first generation antihistamines? (Select all that apply)

  • Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) (correct)
  • Chlorpheniramine (Chlortrimeton) (correct)
  • Loratadine (Claritin)

Which of the following are second generation antihistamines? (Select all that apply)

<p>Levocetirizine (Xyzal) (C), Azelastine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication falls under nasal corticosteroids?

<p>Fluticasone (Flonase) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the decongestants from the following options:

<p>Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) (B), Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary expectorant used?

<p>Guaifenesin (Musinex)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are antitussives? (Select all that apply)

<p>Dextromethorphan (Delsym) (B), Benzonatate (Tessalon) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medications are considered direct acting oral anticoagulants?

<p>Dabigatran (Pradaxa) (B), Apixaban (Eliquis) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the medications that are classified as heparins.

<p>Enoxaparin (Lovenox) (B), Dalteparin (Fragmin) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of vitamin K antagonists?

<p>To prevent blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these medications are considered antiplatelets? (Select all that apply)

<p>Prasugrel (Effient) (A), Clopidogrel (Plavix) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are thrombolytics used for?

<p>To dissolve blood clots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination of antithrombotics in Aggrenox?

<p>Aspirin/dipyridamole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

A medication used to treat hypothyroidism by replacing thyroid hormone.

Liothyronine (Cytomel)

An alternative medication for treating hypothyroidism, often used when levothyroxine is not sufficient.

Methimazole (Tapazole)

A medication for treating hyperthyroidism by reducing thyroid hormone production.

Chlorpheniramine (Chlortrimeton)

A first-generation antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms.

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Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

A second-generation antihistamine that causes less sedation, used for allergies.

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Fluticasone (Flonase)

A nasal corticosteroid spray used to reduce inflammation and treat symptoms of rhinitis.

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Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

An expectorant that helps clear mucus from the airways.

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Dextromethorphan (Delsym)

An antitussive commonly used to relieve dry cough.

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Apixaban (Eliquis)

A direct acting oral anticoagulant used to prevent thrombosis.

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Warfarin (Coumadin)

A vitamin K antagonist used to prevent blood clots and thrombosis.

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Aspirin (Ecotrin)

An antiplatelet medication used to prevent heart attacks and strokes.

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Alteplase (Activase)

A thrombolytic drug used to dissolve blood clots during acute heart attacks.

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Aggrenox

A combination of aspirin and dipyridamole used to prevent strokes.

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Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

A potent oral decongestant used to relieve nasal congestion.

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Study Notes

Hypothyroid Medications

  • Levothyroxine (Synthroid) è utiliza pro tractar hypothyroidismo.
  • Liothyronine (Cytomel) è un altere option pro hypothyroidismo.
  • Levothyroxine/ liothyronine (Armor thyroid) combina duo hormonas tiroidal.

Hyperthyroid Medications

  • Methimazole (Tapazole) è un medicamento pro hyperthyroidismo.
  • Propylthiouracil (Propyl-Thyracil) è un altere therapia pro hyperthyroidismo.

First Generation Antihistamines

  • Chlorpheniramine (Chlortrimeton) è un antistaminic de prima generation.
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) è un antihistaminic ben cognoscite pro allergias e insomnia.
  • Hydroxyzine (Atarax) è un antistaminic con usi anxiolytico e sedativo.

Second Generation Antihistamines

  • Azelastine è un antihistaminic prescritto pro rinite allergica.
  • Cetirizine (Zyrtec) è un antihistaminic con minime effector sedatif.
  • Desloratadine (Clarinex) è un antihistaminic con longue durata d'azione.
  • Fexofenadine (Allegra) è un antiallergico popular, con poco sedativ effetto.
  • Ketotifen (Zaditor) è un antihistaminic utilisate in treatments ocular.
  • Levocetirizine (Xyzal) è un stereoisomero de cetirizine, con efficacia altissime.
  • Loratadine (Claritin) è un antihistaminic comun pro allergic e congestione.

Nasal Corticosteroids

  • Beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) è un spray nasale pro inflammation.
  • Budesonide (Rhinocort) è un corticosteroid utilisate pro rinite allergica.
  • Fluticasone (Flonase) è efficacemente reduce Symptome de rinite.
  • Mometasone (Nasonex) è un autre corticosteroid nasal pro allergies.
  • Triamcinolone (Nasacort) è frequentement usate pro sintomi concentrat in nasal passages.

Decongestants

  • Oxymetazoline (Afrin) è un spray nasal descongestionante de action rapide.
  • Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) è un descongestionante oral frequentemente utilise.
  • Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) è un descongestionante potent pro alleviar congestione nasal.

Expectorants

  • Guaifenesin (Mucinex) è un expectorante che facilita l'espulsione de secreciones pulmonary.

Antitussives

  • Benzonatate (Tessalon) è un antitussive qui bloca i reflexus da tosse.
  • Dextromethorphan (Delsym) è un autre antitussive comun pro tosse secca.

Allergy/Cough/Cold Combination Classes

  • DayQuil combina acetaminophen e pseudoephedrine pro alleviar sintomi di freddo.
  • Zyrtec-D unisce cetirizine e pseudoephedrine pro allergias e congestione.
  • Robitussin AC combina guaifenesin e codeine pro tosse produttiva.
  • Mucinex DM combina guaifenesin e dextromorphan pro tosse e congestione.
  • Tussionex combina hydrocodone e chlorpheniramine pro tosse severe.
  • Phenergan W Codeine combina un antihistaminic con codeine pro tosse.

Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulants

  • Apixaban (Eliquis) è un anticoagulante de dona orali de nova generation.
  • Dabigatran (Pradaxa) è un anticoagulante pro prevener thrombosis.
  • Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) è un altro anticoagulante con usi similari.

Heparins

  • Dalteparin (Fragmin) è un heparin de basse massa molecular pro anticoagulazione.
  • Heparin è un anticoagulante commune in ospedale.
  • Enoxaparin (Lovenox) è un anticoagulante enoxaparine frequentemente utilizate.

Vitamin K Antagonists

  • Warfarin (Coumadin) è un anticoagulante utilizado pro prevenir thrombosis.

Antiplatelets

  • Aspirin (Ecotrin) è frequentemente usate pro prevenir attacchi cardiaci.
  • Clopidogrel (Plavix) previene trombosi post-operatories.
  • Eptifibatide (Integrilin) è usate pro prevenire thrombosis coronar.
  • Prasugrel (Effient) è un option pro pazientes durante proceduras cardiaci.
  • Ticagrelor (Brillinta) è un anticoagulante recentemente introducite con efficacia alta.
  • Tirofiban (Aggrastat) è un antiplatelet frequentemente utilizate in emergenze cardiache.

Thrombolytics

  • Alteplase (Activase) è usate pro dissolver thrombi in acuti attacchi cardiaci.
  • Tenecteplase (TNKase) è un thrombolytic con un profilo d'administration semplice.

Combination Antithrombotics

  • Aggrenox combina aspirina e dipyridamole per prevenire stroke e trombosis.

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