Pharmacology: Drug Classes and Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

Propranolol acts as a blocker for which receptor?

  • M-cholinoreceptor
  • Nicotinic receptor
  • Beta-2 adrenoreceptor
  • Alpha-2 adrenoreceptor
  • Beta-1 adrenoreceptor (correct)
  • Dopamine receptor
  • Alpha-1 adrenoreceptor

Which pharmacological group does Heparin belong to?

  • Antidiabetic drugs
  • Fibrinolytic agents
  • Antiplatelet agents
  • Antihypertensives
  • Anticoagulants (correct)
  • Analgesics
  • Lipid-lowering agents

To which pharmacological group does nitroglycerin belong?

  • Analgesic
  • Bronchodilator
  • Antidyslipidemic
  • Anticoagulant
  • Antianginal (correct)
  • Antihypertensive
  • Antiepileptic

Methyldopa is an agonist of which receptor type?

<p>Alpha-2 adrenoreceptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ondansetron is used for what therapeutic effect?

<p>Drugs for treatment of vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lamotrigine has which of the following therapeutic uses?

<p>Antiepileptic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor does Tropicamide antagonize?

<p>M-cholinoreceptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Exemestane is classified as what kind of drug?

<p>Aromatase inhibitor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic effect of moxonidine?

<p>Antihypertensive (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxybutynin is an antagonist of which receptor?

<p>M-cholinoreceptor (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor does Rivastigmine act upon as an agonist?

<p>M-cholinoreceptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To which pharmacological group does Dipyridamole belong?

<p>Antiplatelet (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Risperidone is classified under which pharmacological group?

<p>Antipsychotic (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ibuprofen is most accurately described as which of the following?

<p>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor does Salmeterol stimulate as an agonist?

<p>Beta-2 adrenoreceptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Losartan is primarily used for what therapeutic effect?

<p>Hypotensive drugs (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlordiazepoxide falls under what drug classification?

<p>Tranquilizers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calcium carbonate is commonly used to treat what condition?

<p>Osteoporosis treatment drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ferrous sulfate is used to treat what condition?

<p>Treating iron deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pilocarpine is known to stimulate which receptor type?

<p>M-cholinoreceptor agonist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Folic acid is mainly prescribed for what purpose?

<p>Antianemic drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bisacodyl is primarily used for what purpose?

<p>Relieving constipation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors does Nor-epinephrine act upon?

<p>Alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-3 adrenoreceptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What receptors are targeted by Xylometazoline?

<p>Alpha-1, alpha-2 adrenoreceptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of Fenofibrate?

<p>Lowering cholesterol (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fludrocortisone primarily affects which hormone systems?

<p>Mineralocorticoid (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors does Carvedilol block?

<p>Beta-1, Beta-2, and Alpha-1 adrenoreceptors (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Caffeine has what primary effect on the body?

<p>Stimulation (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of Medazepam?

<p>Reducing anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Goserelin is a synthetic version of which type of hormone?

<p>Hypophyseal Hormones analogues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Antianemic

Used to treat iron deficiency anemia.

Propranolol: Receptor Blocked?

Blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors.

Heparin: Pharmacological Group?

Prevents blood clot formation.

Laxatives

Medications that promote bowel movement.

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Nitroglycerin: Use?

Relieves chest pain (angina).

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Nor-epinephrine

Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors.

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Xylometazoline

Stimulates alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors.

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Methyldopa: Agonist Of?

Stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors.

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Ondansetron: Use?

Treats and prevents nausea and vomiting.

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Lipid-lowering drug

Medications used to lower lipid levels.

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Mineralocorticoid

A class of steroid hormones.

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Lamotrigine: Treats?

Controls seizures in epilepsy.

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Tropicamide: Receptor?

Blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M-cholinoreceptors).

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Carvedilol

Blocks beta and alpha adrenergic receptors.

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Exemestane: Acts As?

Inhibits estrogen production by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme.

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Psychostimulants

Drugs that increase alertness.

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Tranquilizers

Drugs used to reduce anxiety.

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Moxonidine: What Does It Treat?

Lowers blood pressure.

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Oxybutynin: Blocks Which Receptor?

Blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Hypophyseal Hormones analogues

Mimics hypophyseal hormones.

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M-Cholinoceptor

A receptor that binds acetylcholine; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

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Rivastigmine MOA

A drug that inhibits acetylcholinesterase, increasing acetylcholine levels.

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Dipyridamole

A drug that reduces platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots.

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Risperidone Use

Medication used to manage psychosis.

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Ibuprofen

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that reduces pain and inflammation.

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Beta-2 Adrenoreceptor

A receptor primarily found in the lungs; when stimulated, it causes bronchodilation.

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Losartan

A drug that lowers blood pressure. Usually an ARB.

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Chlordiazepoxide

A tranquilizer drug used to relieve anxiety.

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Calcium Carbonate

Used to treat osteoporosis and increase bone density.

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Pilocarpine MOA

Agonist that affects muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Study Notes

  • Propranolol blocks Beta-1 adrenoreceptors.
  • Heparin is an anticoagulant.
  • Nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication.
  • Methyldopa is an agonist of Alpha-2 adrenoreceptors.
  • Ondansetron is used to treat vomiting (antiemetic).
  • Lamotrigine is an antiepileptic drug.
  • Tropicamide is an antagonist of M-cholinoreceptors.
  • Exemestane is an aromatase inhibitor.
  • Moxonidine is an antihypertensive medication.
  • Oxybutynin is an antagonist of M-cholinoreceptors.
  • Ferrous sulfate is an antianemic drug.
  • Bisacodyl is a laxative.
  • Nor-epinephrine is an agonist of alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, and beta-3 adrenoreceptors.
  • Xylometazoline is an agonist of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoreceptors.
  • Fenofibrate is a lipid-lowering drug.

Mineralocorticoids

  • Fludrocortisone belongs to the mineralocorticoid pharmacological group

Receptor Blockers

  • Carvedilol blocks beta-1, beta-2, and alpha-1 adrenoreceptors.

Psychostimulants

  • Caffeine is classified as a psychostimulant.

Tranquilizers

  • Medazepam is a tranquilizer.
  • Chlordiazepoxide is a tranquilizer.

Hypophyseal Hormones

  • Goserelin is an analogue of hypophyseal hormones.

M-Cholinoreceptors

  • Tiotropium bromide is an antagonist of M-cholinoreceptors.
  • Rivastigmine is an agonist of M-cholinoreceptors.
  • Atropine is an antagonist of the M-cholinoreceptor.

Antiandrogenic Drugs

  • Bicalutamide is an antiandrogenic drug.

Anticoagulants

  • Fenindione is classified as an anticoagulant.

Antianginals

  • Isosorbide dinitrate is an antianginal medication.

Gastric Acidity

  • Famotidine lowers gastric acidity.
  • Omeprazole lowers gastric acidity.

Antiepileptics

  • Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug.

Antipsychotics

  • Risperidone is an antipsychotic drug.

Platelet Inhibitors

  • Dipyridamole is an antiplatelet drug

Anti-inflammatory Drugs

  • Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Beta-2 Agonists

  • Salmeterol is an agonist of beta-2 adrenoreceptors.

Hypotensive Drugs

  • Losartan is a hypotensive drug.

Osteoporosis Treatments

  • Calcium carbonate is used to treat osteoporosis.

M-Cholinoreceptor Agonists

  • Pilocarpine is an M-cholinoreceptor agonist.

Antianemic Drugs

  • Folic acid is an antianemic drug.

Antiarrhythmics

  • Verapamil is an antiarrhythmic drug.

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Description

Explore key pharmacology concepts covering drug classes like receptor blockers, psychostimulants and mineralocorticoids. Learn drug mechanisms, including agonists, antagonists, and specific drug examples. Understand the therapeutic actions and classifications of common medications.

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