Psychotherapeutic Interventions II Quiz

Emotions are instinctive and intuitive physiological and psychological reactions to stimuli.
Emotional responses often result in behavioral, experiential, autonomic, and neuroendocrine changes that allow us to address challenges or opportunities.
Emotions are both functional and adaptive, serving as rapid signals to provide information about our environment.

Survival: Emotions aid in assessing threats and opportunities swiftly, and motivate us to take adaptive actions.
Social Cohesion: Emotions play a vital role in enhancing social cohesion by fostering empathy, compassion, and understanding among individuals.
Integration of Thinking and Feeling: Emotions provide valuable insights and guide decision-making, complementing rational thought processes.

There are seven basic emotions universally recognized across cultures: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, disgust, and contempt.
Each basic emotion is associated with a distinct facial expression recognizable across cultures and age groups.

Emotions can be problematic when they interfere with normal life functioning, are not effectively managed, or induce undesirable behaviors.
Problematic emotions can hinder personal growth and well-being due to non-adaptive processing.

EFiT is a neo-humanistic approach to therapy emphasizing the importance of understanding and working with emotions.
It prioritizes the client's experience, allowing for a tailored approach that aligns with individual needs and goals.

Identify, experience, express, accept, regulate, explore, make narrative sense of, transform, use, reflect on, and flexibly manage emotions.
Enable clients to tolerate previously avoided emotions and develop awareness of emotions as a guide to central needs, goals, and concerns.

Engagement and assessment: build a therapeutic alliance and understand the client's emotional landscape.
Emotional awareness and expression: encourage clients to identify and express emotions, often exploring underlying feelings.
Regulation and transformation: help clients regulate intense emotions and transform maladaptive emotional patterns.
Consolidation and integration: solidify changes made in therapy and integrate new emotional insights into daily life.

Strengths: focuses on exploring and processing emotions, adaptable to various mental health issues, prioritizes the client's experience, and considers the interplay between thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and physiological responses.
Limitations: requires extensive training, potentially prolongs treatment duration, and has a developing evidence base.

A collaborative approach to facilitate change, prioritizing the client's autonomy and empowerment.
Focuses on solutions, not problems, and explores the client's readiness to change.

Build rapport through empathy to identify and resolve ambivalence about changing behaviors.
Roll with "resistance" (avoid eliciting resistance by not confronting client's ambivalence about change).
Develop discrepancy (change occurs when the therapist works to develop where the client is and where they want to be).
Support self-efficacy (increase an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary for change).

Identify and articulate the client's desired life.
Develop a clear understanding of the client's values and goals.
Focus on the present and future, rather than the past.
Use OARS (Open-ended questions, Affirmations, Reflection, and Summaries) to facilitate the conversation.

Statements by the client that reveal consideration of, motivation for, or commitment to change.
The more someone talks about change, the more likely they are to change.
Types of change talk: preparatory (desire, ability, reason, need), and implementing (commitment, activation, taking steps).

Ask clients to rate their motivation or confidence to change on a scale from 0 to 10.
Follow up by exploring what would need to happen to increase their motivation or confidence.

Bridges the gap between change and strategies.
Works on creating new goals and preferred outcomes.
Requires a collaborative relationship.
Questions include: what will be the first sign of improvement, how do you want things to be, and what will others notice about you?### Imagining a Miracle Happening Overnight
Imagine going to bed and waking up to find that a miracle has occurred, solving all problems.
The challenge lies in realizing that the miracle has occurred without being consciously aware of it.
To recognize the miracle, one needs to identify the differences in daily life or actions.

Co-active planning and implementation of an action plan utilizing the client's existing abilities.
Developing solutions by starting with small changes and focusing on the solution-focused orientation.
Clarifying goals by asking if a specific action will move the client towards their goal.
Identifying take-home messages and tasks, summarizing progress, and asking about feelings.
The "Do One Thing Different" exercise helps clients learn to break problem patterns and build strategies for change.

SFBT is not suitable for major psychiatric conditions like psychosis or schizophrenia, but can be used in combination with other treatments.
Research shows that SFBT is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, and mood disorders in adults, especially when used as an early intervention for child behavioral problems.
SFBT is as effective as other forms of talking therapy in treating addiction and decreasing addiction severity and trauma symptoms.

Contraindications for SFBT include:
- Impossible to establish a dialogue with the client
- Therapist unable to let go of their expertise and focus on client-defined problems
- Client wants to discuss factors outside their immediate ability to effect change