Psychosocial Interventions in Dementia
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Questions and Answers

Which intervention primarily focuses on specific cognitive tasks with the goal of improving isolated cognitive abilities?

  • Cognitive stimulation
  • Cognitive rehabilitation
  • Psychological therapy
  • Cognitive training (correct)

What type of intervention is characterized by a combination of restorative and compensatory approaches tailored to individual needs?

  • Cognitive rehabilitation (correct)
  • Cognitive training
  • Psychoeducation
  • Cognitive stimulation

What percentage of people with dementia are cared for at home by relatives or friends in the UK?

  • 50-60%
  • 60-70%
  • 30-40%
  • 70-80% (correct)

What type of coping strategies have been found ineffective in alleviating anxiety and depression among family carers?

<p>Problem and solution focused strategies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is recommended by NICE for people with mild to moderate dementia regarding cognitive stimulation?

<p>To participate in a structured group cognitive stimulation programme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total costs of caring for dementia in the UK is accounted for by unpaid carers?

<p>44% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one outcome associated with the use of more emotion-focused coping strategies among family carers?

<p>Decreased symptoms of anxiety and depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cognitive stimulation as an intervention for dementia?

<p>Social engagement and general cognitive activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been found about cognitive rehabilitation in terms of its effects on cognition and quality of life?

<p>It has no changes in cognition and quality of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy is considered a key component of high-quality dementia care for family carers according to NHS standards?

<p>Psychological therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of cognitive training interventions for dementia?

<p>It involves guided practice on specific cognitive tasks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of unpaid carers in dementia care?

<p>They provide a significant amount of care at home for people with dementia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the psychological needs of family carers, which type of coping strategy has not shown effectiveness in reducing anxiety and depression?

<p>Problem-focused coping strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cognitive rehabilitation for dementia, what is the expected outcome of personalized goal setting?

<p>Potential gains in cognitive abilities through enriched environments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What intervention is emphasized by NICE as an essential component of high-quality dementia care for family carers?

<p>Psychological interventions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic information is true regarding individuals living with dementia in the UK?

<p>Around 1/3 live in care homes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of cognitive stimulation interventions for dementia?

<p>They combine cognitive stimulation with elements of social interaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach combines restorative and compensatory strategies in its interventions for dementia?

<p>Cognitive rehabilitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of emotion-focused coping strategies on the well-being of family carers?

<p>It is associated with improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people with dementia in the UK are women?

<p>About 66% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cognitive Stimulation

Non-specific cognitive stimulation with a social element, often in groups.

Cognitive Training

Structured practice on specific cognitive tasks, often individual or group-based.

Cognitive Rehabilitation

Individualized approach setting personally relevant goals for cognitive ability.

Dementia Carers

Unpaid relatives or friends supporting people with dementia.

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Dementia Prevalence (UK)

816,000 people in the UK, with 2/3 being women.

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Emotion-focused Coping

Strategies that deal with emotions associated with dementia caregiving. Helpful for decreasing anxiety and depression.

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Problem-focused coping

Strategies to manage problems related to dementia caregiving. This type is ineffective in decreasing anxiety and depression.

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Acceptance Based Strategies

Strategies that are helpful in caregiving, focusing on acceptance of the situation.

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Dysfunctional Coping Strategies

Strategies that do not lead to effective handling of dementia caregiving.

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Psychological interventions for carers

Interventions, such as therapy, offered to support relatives/friends of dementia patients.

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Reality Orientation

A technique that helps people with dementia stay aware of their surroundings and time. It involves providing clear information about the present, such as dates, location, and events.

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Cognitive Stimulation Groups

Structured groups that involve activities designed to challenge cognitive skills in people with dementia. The goal is to improve thinking abilities and social engagement.

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Neuronal Plasticity

The ability of the brain to change and adapt over time. This principle suggests that cognitive training can actually influence brain structure and function.

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Restorative Approach

Focuses on restoring lost cognitive function through training and practice, aiming to improve skills.

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Compensatory Approach

Uses strategies to 'compensate' for cognitive limitations, helping people work around their challenges.

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Psychoeducation

Providing information and support to people with dementia and their families about the condition and coping strategies.

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Strategy Training

Teaching specific methods to manage cognitive challenges, such as using reminders or breaking tasks down into smaller steps.

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Study Notes

Psychosocial Interventions in Dementia

  • Cognitive Stimulation: A non-specific cognitive stimulation program, often coupled with a social element (e.g., Reality Orientation). Evidence suggests improvement in cognition and quality of life in group settings. NICE guidelines recommend structured group programs for mild/moderate dementia.

  • Cognitive Training: Guided practice on specific cognitive tasks, focusing on isolated cognitive abilities. Targets cognitive impairment through structured activities and environments. Can be individual or group-based. Often restorative; can sometimes be combined with education and strategy training to improve or maintain cognitive abilities.

  • Cognitive Rehabilitation: An individualised approach tailoring goals to the specific needs of the person to improve cognitive skills. It utilizes enriched and enhanced learning environments that promote neuronal plasticity by using both restorative and compensatory techniques.

  • People with Dementia & Their Carers:

    • In the UK, there are approximately 816,000 people with dementia.
    • Two-thirds of people with dementia live in the community.
    • Approximately 670,000 unpaid carers support those with dementia.
    • Unpaid carers contribute 44% of the total cost of dementia care in the UK.
    • 70-80% of people with dementia are cared for at home.

Policy Context

  • NICE suggests psychological therapy for family dementia carers is crucial for high-quality care.
  • MSNAP recommends psychological interventions for family caregivers as a key component in dementia care.

Psychological Needs of Family and Friend Carers

  • Emotion-focused and acceptance-based coping strategies are more effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms compared to problem-solving strategies.
  • Caregiver psychosocial factors explain 56% of the variability in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).

Interventions for Carers

  • CBT Interventions: Individual CBT can be effective for carers experiencing depression. Stronger effects are seen with structured and longer interventions.
  • Other Interventions: Interventions with an educational and therapeutic component are most effective. Multi-component interventions can delay the need for residential care for people with dementia. iSupport (WHO) is an online program designed to support caregivers, but further evidence of its effectiveness is needed.
  • START Project: A UK-based trial testing a manual-based therapy for dementia carers by those without clinical training in delivering the therapy. The trial assesses implementation, suitability for the program, and team willingness.

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Related Documents

Psychosocial Interventions in Dementia & Interventions for Carers PDF

Description

Explore various psychosocial interventions for dementia, including cognitive stimulation, training, and rehabilitation. This quiz covers methods designed to enhance cognitive abilities and improve the quality of life for individuals with mild to moderate dementia. Test your understanding of these essential strategies and their applications in clinical settings.

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