Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria for psychopathology?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria for psychopathology?
Distress in psychopathology refers to the positive emotions experienced by the individual.
Distress in psychopathology refers to the positive emotions experienced by the individual.
False
What does the criterion of Dysfunction imply about an individual's behavior?
What does the criterion of Dysfunction imply about an individual's behavior?
It implies that the behavior interferes with their ability to socialize, work, or engage in meaningful activities.
Behavior that places the individual or others at risk is categorized as __________.
Behavior that places the individual or others at risk is categorized as __________.
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Match the following psychopathology criteria with their descriptions:
Match the following psychopathology criteria with their descriptions:
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What were asylums originally founded to provide?
What were asylums originally founded to provide?
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The quality of care in asylums improved over the years due to increased funding.
The quality of care in asylums improved over the years due to increased funding.
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What treatment method was utilized during the 1800s for the mentally ill?
What treatment method was utilized during the 1800s for the mentally ill?
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In the 1900s, efforts to close asylums led to a move towards __________ for mentally ill patients.
In the 1900s, efforts to close asylums led to a move towards __________ for mentally ill patients.
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Match the historical periods with their characteristics:
Match the historical periods with their characteristics:
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What percentage of Americans with serious mental illness are in jail or prison?
What percentage of Americans with serious mental illness are in jail or prison?
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Managed care programs are designed to give complete control over therapy to the individual.
Managed care programs are designed to give complete control over therapy to the individual.
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What is a significant issue that affects the treatment of mental illness today?
What is a significant issue that affects the treatment of mental illness today?
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Study Notes
Psychopathology Criteria
- Four criteria for defining psychopathology: deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger
- Deviance: Behavior must differ from what's considered normal within a specific culture
- Distress: Behavior causes negative emotions for the individual or those around them
- Dysfunction: Behavior interferes with the individual's ability to socialize, have fun, work, or engage in other meaningful activities
- Danger: Behavior puts the individual or others at risk (e.g., confused, hostile, careless behavior); this is an exception rather than the rule, only considered abnormal if distress and dysfunction also exist.
Psychopathology Then and Now
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Historical perspectives of psychopathology, including periods like the 1500s, 1800s, and 1900s.
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1500s: Asylums were established as places of retreat and protection for the afflicted. However, quality declined due to funding cuts and overcrowding.
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1800s: Moral treatment emerged, believing that mentally ill individuals benefited from rest, dignified care, and meaningful work. This period helped thousands recover. However, quality again declined due to prejudice and overcrowding
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1900s: Deinstitutionalization occurred, with efforts to close asylums. Drug therapies proved helpful for many bipolar and schizophrenic patients. However, funding cuts and overcrowding in the 1980s led to a decline in quality.
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Early eras (prior to 500 BCE): Psychopathology explanations involved demons, witchcraft. Treatments included trephination and exorcism.
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500 BCE – 500 CE: Explanations shifted to imbalanced humors, with treatments focusing on diet changes and bleeding.
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500 - 1500 CE: Explanations persisted with demons and witchcraft; however, treatments included killing and exorcism.
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1500 – 1800 CE: Explanations associated with toxins and exhaustion. Treatments involved asylums and healing shrines
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1800 – 2000 CE: Explanations related to mental imbalance, genetics. Treatments involve drug therapy and talk therapy.
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Contemporary issues: 56% of Americans with serious mental illness are in jail or prison, 28% are homeless and 3% are in hospitals.
Managed Care Programs
- Insurance companies frequently control the decision-making process regarding patient treatment needs and access
- This includes decisions related to the necessity of therapy, therapy duration, type and frequency of therapy, and what is considered therapeutic.
- Despite the importance, the decision-makers are, in many cases, not mental health experts.
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Description
Explore the criteria for defining psychopathology, including deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger. Delve into historical perspectives from the 1500s to the 1900s, highlighting changes in the understanding and treatment of mental illness. This quiz will test your knowledge of these concepts and their evolution over time.
