Questions and Answers
What is the primary factor of intelligence according to Charles Spearman's theory?
According to Louis Thurstone's theory, intelligence is composed of a single general factor.
False
What is the term used to describe the ability to analyze and evaluate information in Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory?
Analytical intelligence
Howard Gardner's theory proposes that there are ______________ types of intelligence.
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Match the following theorists with their corresponding theories:
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What is the term used to describe the ability to generate new ideas and solutions in Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory?
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According to Howard Gardner's theory, intelligence is dependent on the context in which it is measured.
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What is the term used to describe the ability to apply intelligence in real-world contexts in Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory?
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According to Louis Thurstone's theory, there are ______________ primary mental abilities.
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What is the term used to describe the positive correlations between different cognitive tasks in Charles Spearman's theory?
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Study Notes
Charles Spearman's Theory
- General Intelligence (g): Spearman proposed that there is a single, general factor of intelligence that underlies all cognitive abilities.
- Spearman's g factor: This factor is responsible for the positive correlations between different cognitive tasks.
- Specific abilities (s): In addition to g, Spearman identified specific abilities that are unique to particular tasks or domains.
Louis Thurstone's Theory
-
Primary Mental Abilities: Thurstone proposed that there are seven primary mental abilities that are relatively independent of each other:
- Verbal comprehension
- Verbal fluency
- Number facility
- Spatial visualization
- Perceptual speed
- Inductive reasoning
- Memory
- Multi-factor theory: Thurstone's theory suggests that intelligence is composed of multiple factors, rather than a single general factor.
Howard Gardner's Theory
- Multiple Intelligences: Gardner proposed that there are multiple types of intelligence, rather than a single general intelligence.
- ** Nine types of intelligence**:
- Linguistic intelligence
- Logical-mathematical intelligence
- Spatial intelligence
- Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
- Musical intelligence
- Interpersonal intelligence
- Intrapersonal intelligence
- Naturalistic intelligence
- Existential intelligence
- Contextual dependence: Gardner's theory suggests that intelligence is dependent on the context in which it is measured.
Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory
-
Three components of intelligence:
- Analytical intelligence: The ability to analyze and evaluate information.
- Creative intelligence: The ability to generate new ideas and solutions.
- Practical intelligence: The ability to apply intelligence in real-world contexts.
- Componential subtheory: Sternberg's theory suggests that intelligence is composed of these three components, which are intertwined and dependent on each other.
- Contextual subtheory: Intelligence is also dependent on the context in which it is measured.
Intelligence Theories
Charles Spearman's Theory
- General Intelligence (g) is a single, general factor of intelligence that underlies all cognitive abilities.
- Spearman's g factor is responsible for the positive correlations between different cognitive tasks.
- Specific abilities (s) are unique to particular tasks or domains and exist alongside general intelligence.
Louis Thurstone's Theory
- Primary Mental Abilities are seven independent abilities that comprise intelligence:
- Verbal comprehension
- Verbal fluency
- Number facility
- Spatial visualization
- Perceptual speed
- Inductive reasoning
- Memory
- Multi-factor theory suggests that intelligence is composed of multiple factors, rather than a single general factor.
Howard Gardner's Theory
- Multiple Intelligences theory proposes that there are multiple types of intelligence, rather than a single general intelligence.
- There are nine types of intelligence:
- Linguistic intelligence
- Logical-mathematical intelligence
- Spatial intelligence
- Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
- Musical intelligence
- Interpersonal intelligence
- Intrapersonal intelligence
- Naturalistic intelligence
- Existential intelligence
- Intelligence is dependent on the context in which it is measured.
Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory
- Intelligence consists of three components:
- Analytical intelligence: the ability to analyze and evaluate information.
- Creative intelligence: the ability to generate new ideas and solutions.
- Practical intelligence: the ability to apply intelligence in real-world contexts.
- The three components are intertwined and dependent on each other.
- Intelligence is also dependent on the context in which it is measured.
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Description
Explore the theories of intelligence by Charles Spearman and Louis Thurstone, including general intelligence and primary mental abilities.
