Questions and Answers
What do industrial psychologists typically focus on?
What is the main focus of personality psychologists?
The foundation of psychology today lies in?
Observation and experimentation
The _______ perspective emphasizes unconscious motives stemming from sexual and aggressive impulses repressed in childhood.
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The ______ perspective considers only those external activities of the organism that can be observed and measured.
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The ______ perspective relates our actions to events taking place inside the body, particularly the brain and nervous system.
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Who is credited with founding psychology as an academic discipline?
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What is observation in the context of psychology?
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What do engineering psychologists aim to achieve?
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What is an interview in psychology?
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What is a case study?
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What do educational psychologists typically do?
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The founding date of psychology is usually cited as _____, the year of the first formal psychological laboratory established in Germany.
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What does biological psychology study?
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The ______ perspective is concerned with mental processes such as perceiving, remembering, reasoning, deciding, and problem-solving.
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What do clinical psychologists engage in?
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The ______ perspective focuses on a person's subjective experience and motivation toward self-actualization.
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What is the focus of experimental psychologists?
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What is the goal of developmental psychology?
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Who is Sigmund Freud?
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What does social psychology study?
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What is an experiment in psychology?
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The _____ perspective denies inborn faculties of the mind and associates ideas through principles like similarity and contrast.
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From what perspective would an explanation for schizophrenia as caused by a stressful environment come?
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What does social psychology focus on?
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What is faculty psychology?
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What does developmental psychology concern itself with?
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What is the preferred method for studying problems when applicable?
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From what perspective would an explanation that damaged nerve cells lead to personality changes come?
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What defines psychology as a discipline?
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Study Notes
Industrial Psychology
- Focuses on selecting suitable candidates for specific jobs.
- Develops job training programs.
- Analyzes consumer behavior determinants.
Personality Psychology
- Studies individual differences among people.
- Classifies personality traits and investigates unique individual qualities.
Core Foundation of Psychology
- Based on observation and experimentation.
Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Emphasizes unconscious motives from childhood sexual and aggressive impulses.
Behaviorism Perspective
- Concentrates on observable and measurable external activities of organisms.
Biological Perspective
- Relates actions to physiological processes, especially in the brain and nervous system.
Wilhelm Wundt
- Recognized as the founder of psychology as an academic discipline.
Observation Method
- Involves studying behavior in its natural setting without intervention.
Engineering Psychology
- Aims to improve interactions between humans and machines.
- Designs systems to reduce human error.
Interview Method
- Involves asking individuals questions regarding their behavior directly.
Case Study Method
- Conducts in-depth investigations on individuals or small groups.
Educational Psychology
- Evaluates learning and emotional issues in children.
Founding Year of Psychology
- 1879 marks the establishment of the first formal psychological laboratory in Germany.
Biological Psychology
- Investigates the connection between biological processes and behavior.
- Examines the effects of substances like alcohol and nicotine on behavior.
Cognitive Perspective
- Focuses on mental processes like perception, memory, and reasoning.
- Relates these processes to behavior.
Clinical Psychology
- Applies psychological principles to diagnose and treat various behavioral problems, including mental illness and addiction.
Humanistic Perspective
- Centers on individual subjective experiences and the motivation for self-actualization.
Experimental Psychology
- Often involves behaviorist and cognitive approaches to study reactions to sensory stimuli and emotional responses.
Educational Psychologists
- Primarily research teaching methods and train educators.
Behavioral Model
- Advocates studying observable behaviors rather than inferred mental processes.
Archival Research
- Involves examining existing records to validate hypotheses.
Developmental Psychology
- Studies growth and changes throughout human life.
Sigmund Freud
- Compared the human mind to an iceberg, where consciousness is the tip and the unconscious mind is the submerged part.
Social Psychology
- Investigates how social influences affect individual thoughts, feelings, and actions.
Experimental Method
- Aims to explore the relationship between variables by manipulating one factor and observing its effects.
Functional Psychology
- Rejects the idea of inborn mental faculties; instead focuses on how ideas are formed through sensory experience.
Biological Implications on Behavior
- Attributes abnormal behaviors, like schizophrenia, to environmental stressors from a biological perspective.
Social Psychology Dynamics
- Studies how interactions with others shape attitudes and behaviors, particularly in groups and survey research.
Faculty Psychology
- Proposes the mind consists of distinct mental faculties responsible for different activities.
Lifespan Developmental Psychology
- Examines human behavior from birth through death, exploring shaping factors of behavior.
Social Psychology (Reiterated)
- Consistently focuses on how social environments influence individual behavior and thoughts.
Controlled Experimental Method
- Preferred for studying problems due to its control over all variables except those under investigation.
Biological Changes Impact
- Explains personality shifts due to damage in nerve cells or brain tissue from a biological standpoint.
Definition of Psychology
- A social science discipline examining human behavior and the processes affecting interactions objectively.
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Description
This set of flashcards covers key terms in psychology, focusing on industrial and personality psychology. Each card features a specific term along with its definition, aiding in the understanding of fundamental concepts in the field. Ideal for students looking to enhance their vocabulary in psychology.
