Psychology Terminology Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What do industrial psychologists typically focus on?

  • Classifying mental disorders
  • Researching historical psychological theories
  • Selecting people suitable for jobs (correct)
  • Studying animal behavior
  • What is the main focus of personality psychologists?

  • Differences between individuals (correct)
  • Developmental changes over time
  • Group behavior
  • Cognitive processes
  • The foundation of psychology today lies in?

    Observation and experimentation

    The _______ perspective emphasizes unconscious motives stemming from sexual and aggressive impulses repressed in childhood.

    <p>Psychoanalytic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ perspective considers only those external activities of the organism that can be observed and measured.

    <p>Behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ perspective relates our actions to events taking place inside the body, particularly the brain and nervous system.

    <p>Biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with founding psychology as an academic discipline?

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observation in the context of psychology?

    <p>Looking at behavior in its true setting without intervening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do engineering psychologists aim to achieve?

    <p>Improve relationships between people and machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an interview in psychology?

    <p>Directly asking a sample of people questions about their behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a case study?

    <p>In-depth investigations of a person or small group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do educational psychologists typically do?

    <p>Work with individual children to evaluate learning and emotional problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The founding date of psychology is usually cited as _____, the year of the first formal psychological laboratory established in Germany.

    <p>1879</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does biological psychology study?

    <p>The relationship between biological processes and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ perspective is concerned with mental processes such as perceiving, remembering, reasoning, deciding, and problem-solving.

    <p>Cognitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do clinical psychologists engage in?

    <p>Application of psychological principles to diagnose and treat behavioral problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ perspective focuses on a person's subjective experience and motivation toward self-actualization.

    <p>Humanistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of experimental psychologists?

    <p>Using experimental methods to study reactions to sensory stimuli and behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of developmental psychology?

    <p>Study growth and change throughout human life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is Sigmund Freud?

    <p>He likened the human mind to an iceberg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social psychology study?

    <p>How people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an experiment in psychology?

    <p>A study investigating the relationship between two or more factors by manipulating one factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ perspective denies inborn faculties of the mind and associates ideas through principles like similarity and contrast.

    <p>Functional Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From what perspective would an explanation for schizophrenia as caused by a stressful environment come?

    <p>Biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social psychology focus on?

    <p>Ways interaction with others influences attitudes and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is faculty psychology?

    <p>The theory that the mind has distinct mental agencies such as thinking and feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does developmental psychology concern itself with?

    <p>Human development and factors that shape behavior from birth to death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred method for studying problems when applicable?

    <p>Experimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From what perspective would an explanation that damaged nerve cells lead to personality changes come?

    <p>Biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines psychology as a discipline?

    <p>The social science discipline focuses on human beings and their interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Industrial Psychology

    • Focuses on selecting suitable candidates for specific jobs.
    • Develops job training programs.
    • Analyzes consumer behavior determinants.

    Personality Psychology

    • Studies individual differences among people.
    • Classifies personality traits and investigates unique individual qualities.

    Core Foundation of Psychology

    • Based on observation and experimentation.

    Psychoanalytic Perspective

    • Emphasizes unconscious motives from childhood sexual and aggressive impulses.

    Behaviorism Perspective

    • Concentrates on observable and measurable external activities of organisms.

    Biological Perspective

    • Relates actions to physiological processes, especially in the brain and nervous system.

    Wilhelm Wundt

    • Recognized as the founder of psychology as an academic discipline.

    Observation Method

    • Involves studying behavior in its natural setting without intervention.

    Engineering Psychology

    • Aims to improve interactions between humans and machines.
    • Designs systems to reduce human error.

    Interview Method

    • Involves asking individuals questions regarding their behavior directly.

    Case Study Method

    • Conducts in-depth investigations on individuals or small groups.

    Educational Psychology

    • Evaluates learning and emotional issues in children.

    Founding Year of Psychology

    • 1879 marks the establishment of the first formal psychological laboratory in Germany.

    Biological Psychology

    • Investigates the connection between biological processes and behavior.
    • Examines the effects of substances like alcohol and nicotine on behavior.

    Cognitive Perspective

    • Focuses on mental processes like perception, memory, and reasoning.
    • Relates these processes to behavior.

    Clinical Psychology

    • Applies psychological principles to diagnose and treat various behavioral problems, including mental illness and addiction.

    Humanistic Perspective

    • Centers on individual subjective experiences and the motivation for self-actualization.

    Experimental Psychology

    • Often involves behaviorist and cognitive approaches to study reactions to sensory stimuli and emotional responses.

    Educational Psychologists

    • Primarily research teaching methods and train educators.

    Behavioral Model

    • Advocates studying observable behaviors rather than inferred mental processes.

    Archival Research

    • Involves examining existing records to validate hypotheses.

    Developmental Psychology

    • Studies growth and changes throughout human life.

    Sigmund Freud

    • Compared the human mind to an iceberg, where consciousness is the tip and the unconscious mind is the submerged part.

    Social Psychology

    • Investigates how social influences affect individual thoughts, feelings, and actions.

    Experimental Method

    • Aims to explore the relationship between variables by manipulating one factor and observing its effects.

    Functional Psychology

    • Rejects the idea of inborn mental faculties; instead focuses on how ideas are formed through sensory experience.

    Biological Implications on Behavior

    • Attributes abnormal behaviors, like schizophrenia, to environmental stressors from a biological perspective.

    Social Psychology Dynamics

    • Studies how interactions with others shape attitudes and behaviors, particularly in groups and survey research.

    Faculty Psychology

    • Proposes the mind consists of distinct mental faculties responsible for different activities.

    Lifespan Developmental Psychology

    • Examines human behavior from birth through death, exploring shaping factors of behavior.

    Social Psychology (Reiterated)

    • Consistently focuses on how social environments influence individual behavior and thoughts.

    Controlled Experimental Method

    • Preferred for studying problems due to its control over all variables except those under investigation.

    Biological Changes Impact

    • Explains personality shifts due to damage in nerve cells or brain tissue from a biological standpoint.

    Definition of Psychology

    • A social science discipline examining human behavior and the processes affecting interactions objectively.

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    Description

    This set of flashcards covers key terms in psychology, focusing on industrial and personality psychology. Each card features a specific term along with its definition, aiding in the understanding of fundamental concepts in the field. Ideal for students looking to enhance their vocabulary in psychology.

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