Questions and Answers
What are the three sequential processes of memory?
Encoding, Storage and Retrieval.
What is the process of encoding?
Encoding refers to the process of putting information into a form that will allow it to fit in with your personal storage system.
What is storage in terms of memory?
Storage is keeping information in the brain so we can use it later.
What is the process of retrieval?
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What human theory did Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) propose?
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What are the three stores that Atkinson and Shiffrin referred to?
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What is sensory memory and how does it interact with short-term memory?
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What is short-term memory and how does it interact with long-term memory?
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What is long-term memory and how does it interact with memory?
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What does sensory memory relate to and how does it interact with short-term memory?
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What is the capacity and duration of sensory memory?
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What is the function of sensory memory?
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What is iconic memory and how long does it last for?
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How long does iconic memory last for?
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What is echoic memory and how long does it last for?
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Study Notes
Processes of Memory
- Three sequential processes of memory: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval.
Encoding
- Process of transforming information into a format suitable for storage in the brain.
Storage
- Involves maintaining information within the brain for future use.
Retrieval
- The act of accessing and bringing back stored information into consciousness.
Multi-Store Model of Memory
- Proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968), outlining how memory is structured.
Stores of Memory
- Atkinson and Shiffrin identified three main components:
- Sensory Memory
- Short-Term Memory (STM)
- Long-Term Memory (LTM)
Sensory Memory
- Functions as a brief storage system for information received through sensory organs.
- Only retains data momentarily; if attended to, information moves to STM.
- Capacity is unlimited, but duration is very brief.
Short-Term Memory
- A limited storage system for actively conscious information.
- Encoded information can transfer to LTM for longer retention.
Long-Term Memory
- A virtually limitless store of information.
- Requires retrieval to access content consciously.
Interaction Between Memory Types
- Sensory Memory sends information to STM if it is distinctive and captures attention.
- STM holds information temporarily until it is encoded for LTM.
Iconic Memory
- A type of visual sensory memory, lasting only 0.3 seconds.
Echoic Memory
- Refers to auditory sensory memory, with a duration of 3-4 seconds.
Functions of Sensory Memory
- Helps filter and manage vast amounts of incoming sensory information, preventing cognitive overload.
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Description
Test your knowledge of sensory memory with these flashcards! The questions cover the three sequential processes of memory, from encoding to storage and retrieval. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of memory functions.