Psychology Sensory Memory Concepts

Questions and Answers

What are the three sequential processes of memory?

Encoding, Storage and Retrieval.

What is the process of encoding?

Encoding refers to the process of putting information into a form that will allow it to fit in with your personal storage system.

What is storage in terms of memory?

Storage is keeping information in the brain so we can use it later.

What is the process of retrieval?

Retrieval is the process of getting information back from memory. Signup and view all the answers

What human theory did Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) propose?

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the Multi-Store model of memory. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stores that Atkinson and Shiffrin referred to?

Sensory Memory, Short-term Memory, Long-Term Memory. Signup and view all the answers

What is sensory memory and how does it interact with short-term memory?

Sensory memory is a very brief memory store that can transfer information to short-term memory if it is paid attention to. Signup and view all the answers

What is short-term memory and how does it interact with long-term memory?

Short-term memory is a limited store of actively conscious memory. If information is encoded, it is then transferred to long-term memory. Signup and view all the answers

What is long-term memory and how does it interact with memory?

Long-term memory is a store of information that is virtually limitless in capacity and needs retrieval to bring it back into conscious awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What does sensory memory relate to and how does it interact with short-term memory?

Sensory memory relates to memory within our sensory organs. Information is sent to short-term memory if it is unique and attracts our attention. Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity and duration of sensory memory?

Sensory memory has an unlimited capacity and a very brief duration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory memory?

Sensory memory prevents us from being overwhelmed by the huge amounts of incoming sensory information. Signup and view all the answers

What is iconic memory and how long does it last for?

Iconic memory refers to visual sensory memory and lasts for 0.3 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

How long does iconic memory last for?

Iconic memory lasts for 0.3 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is echoic memory and how long does it last for?

Echoic memory refers to our auditory (sound) sensory memory and lasts for 3-4 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Processes of Memory

Three sequential processes of memory: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval.

Encoding

Process of transforming information into a format suitable for storage in the brain.

Storage

Involves maintaining information within the brain for future use.

Retrieval

The act of accessing and bringing back stored information into consciousness.

Multi-Store Model of Memory

Proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968), outlining how memory is structured.

Stores of Memory

Atkinson and Shiffrin identified three main components:
- Sensory Memory
- Short-Term Memory (STM)
- Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Sensory Memory

Functions as a brief storage system for information received through sensory organs.
Only retains data momentarily; if attended to, information moves to STM.
Capacity is unlimited, but duration is very brief.

Short-Term Memory

A limited storage system for actively conscious information.
Encoded information can transfer to LTM for longer retention.

Long-Term Memory

A virtually limitless store of information.
Requires retrieval to access content consciously.

Interaction Between Memory Types

Sensory Memory sends information to STM if it is distinctive and captures attention.
STM holds information temporarily until it is encoded for LTM.

Iconic Memory

A type of visual sensory memory, lasting only 0.3 seconds.

Echoic Memory

Refers to auditory sensory memory, with a duration of 3-4 seconds.

Functions of Sensory Memory

Helps filter and manage vast amounts of incoming sensory information, preventing cognitive overload.

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Description

Test your knowledge of sensory memory with these flashcards! The questions cover the three sequential processes of memory, from encoding to storage and retrieval. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of memory functions.