Psychology Quiz on Research Methods

Tuesday Quiz 1

• Spaced practice is superior to cramming because it allows more time for consolidation.
• Deception in a study requires informing participants why the deception was necessary.
• Self-reports are susceptible to demand characteristics because questions asked about the variables being measured are revealed.
• Controlling demand characteristics involves asking participants about religious beliefs to investigate the relationship between relationship status and life satisfaction.
• A study examining family relationships and confidence that asks participants anonymously about their relationship with their father, and their confidence poses a risk of demand characteristics.
• Hallie (relaxed studying) is expected to outperform Katie (intense studying) in a one-year post-course test.
• In a study on caffeine and mental performance, participants drink either caffeinated or decaffeinated beverages, and then their reaction time is measured.

Tuesday Quiz 2

• An example of correlation is: students who spent more hours studying were more likely to earn an A on their final exams.
• A musician using opportunity sampling would need exactly one musician.
• Self-report data collection can suffer from bias.
• Pre-registration in research involves publishing the design before data collection.
• Manipulation involves varying the versions of a stimulus.
• Encoding specificity is best exemplified by students using the same perfume as every day when completing a quiz.
• The number of mistakes made on a task is a reasonable operational definition of concentration.
• Learning styles (LS) do not affect performance on a test related to remembering colored shapes.

Tuesday Quiz 3

• Myelin sheath maintains the strength of the action potential as it travels down the axon.
• Hypothalamus regulates body rhythms (sleep, body temperature, etc.).
• Bone, cartilage, and muscle tissue growth are examples of hormonal influences on the body.
• Heart rate is a function controlled by the medulla.
• The hindbrain is associated with survival functions and movement.
• An agonist binds to neuroreceptors, and a researcher observing neuron firings may conclude that sound increased loudness.
• 25 mV above resting potential would cause the neuron most likely to return to resting potential.
• Researchers choose unusual brains for post-mortem discussion if they suffered trauma or had mental illness.

Tuesday Quiz 4

• Phenotype refers to observable traits (e.g., brown eyes).
• Facial recognition is a function of the temporal lobe.
• The CNS (brain and spinal cord) differs from the PNS (nerves outside the brain and spinal cord).
• Temporal resolution in brain imaging refers to identifying the exact time of activation.
• Only ERP presents the same stimulus repeatedly.
• When feeling satisfied after eating, the neurotransmitter dopamine is most involved.
• Tanner was incorrect in concluding siblings developing simultaneously in their womb were twins developed from the same egg.
• Monozygotic twins have the same genetic makeup.
• The brain is designed to be efficient and prunes unnecessary connections during neurodegeneration.
• A key disadvantage of cross-sectional studies is that people aged 50 in 2024 may respond differently to those in 2074.
• Neuroplasticity declines over time.

Tuesday Quiz 5

• The organ of Corti converts physical sound into an action potential.
• Sensation relates to stimuli detection, and perception involves organizing sensory information.
• "Sweet" perception occurs in the primary gustatory cortex.
• The right cerebral hemisphere primarily processes images perceived in the left visual field.
• The difference threshold is the minimum noticeable change in a stimulus.
• Apparent movement is a principle of Gestalt.
• Loudness is the psychological perception of sound wave height.
• Sensation relates to stimuli detection, and perception involves organizing sensory information.
• Researchers choose unusual brains for post-mortem discussion.

Tuesday Quiz 6

• Memory is better at the beginning of a list (primacy effect).
• Schemas are ways to organize concepts.
• Encoding, storing, and retrieving are parts of memory.
• The amygdala plays a larger role in recalling fearful events.
• Recency effect pertains to better memory for items at a list’s end.
• The Recency Effect’s strongest effect could involve asking about participants' birthdays after hearing 12 words.
• State-dependent theory states that Alex could see decreased performance related to changed conditions since a different state of mind exists during study.
• Chunking involves organizing vocabulary by related body parts.
• Semantic memory is the type of memory employed to recall a childhood home address.

Tuesday Quiz 7

• Foot-in-the-door is a persuasive strategy, when agreeing to help a friend move boxes can result in friend asking you to help unload at her place.
• Social loafing refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group.
• Diffusion of responsibility is the tendency to assume others will take action in case of emergency.
• Situational attribution involves blaming an external factor (the steps) for tripping.
• Groupthink is where a decision is made because an entire group thinks the same way without dissenting opinions.
• External/situational attribution is that others do the same thing in similar circumstances.
• The scientific term for someone secretly involved in a psychology experiment is a confederate.
• Ingroup/outgroup is where people favor their group and negatively stereotype others.
• Altruism is when people act without expecting rewards.

Tuesday Quiz 8

• Nonverbal cues are more important than verbal communication to building impressions.
• Situations where positive perceptions between involved parties are at their highest involves parties involved in shared history and team goals.
• Peripheral route is when the person is more persuaded by a person’s charisma than their actual message.
• Covariation theory proposes that internal/external influences determine our behavior.
• People with an audience or are being watched perform better than those not being watched.
• Other people reacting differently in the same situation makes their behavior more likely to be the cause or disposition related.

Tuesday Quiz 9

• The most deliveries to a delivery company are expected right before payday.
• Conditioning is the response to a natural stimuli.
• Spontaneous recovery refers to the reemergence of a previously conditioned response after extinction when the conditioned stimulus is presented again.
• The most lasting learning of operant conditioning is achieved with randomly scheduled reinforcement.
• Reinforcement schedules describe the patterns of reinforcement used in operant conditioning.
• Rewards can be used in Operant Conditioning.
• Operant learning (classical conditioning) refers to using reinforcement and punishment to modify behavior.
• Bandura’s Bobo doll study concluded that children are more likely to behave aggressively after being exposed to violence.

Tuesday Quiz 10

• Mirror neurons are related to learning, when someone observes others acting, they can often feel a corresponding feeling/action.
• Eustress is when a person experiences a reaction that benefits them.
• Emotion-focused coping is a method of handling stressful situations by changing reaction to the stressor, not changing the stressor itself.
• General Adaptation is the process where the body adjusts to significant stress.
• It starts with the alarm stage, then resistance and lastly exhaustion, where the body can no longer fight.
• In resistance, defences are the strongest in the body.

Tuesday Quiz 11

• Motivation is driven by imbalances and deficits in needs, and fulfillment reduces these drives.
• Emotions are a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretations.
• Homeostasis is the process of maintaining stable internal conditions, and adjusting in response to external changes, like running in 30-degree weather, maintaining body temperature to normalize
• Sustaining refers to the determination an individual shows in reaching goals.
• Facial feedback hypothesis is when a teacher smiles at a student, making them happier during class.

Tuesday Quiz 12

• Feelings can include eating, showering as daily activities, and having a desire or drive to satisfy hunger.
• Overjustification effect is when external rewards reduce internal motivation.
• Positive reappraisal is a method of adjusting emotions by changing how a person views a specific situation.
• Emotion regulation describes how people attempt to handle and control their own emotions.
• Wanting to play the piano because of the enjoyment experienced describes intrinsic motivation.
• An extrinsic motivation example is where there is a reward associated, such as promotion.
• The physiological response and feeling is a response from the brain which produces the feelings of wanting to eat and to feel hunger.
• When someone lacks feelings and is no longer experiencing hunger, this can be attributed to the feeling of being full and satiation.
• The stage that involves reaching goals is self-actualization.

Tuesday Quiz 13

• Dysfunctional behavior is the best example of a day-to-day behavior.
• Behaviors must be harmful to be considered dysfunctional.
• A diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder pertains to issues with worrying over contamination, cleaning, or other behaviors.
• Generalized anxiety disorder has equal prevalence in males and females.
• Alogia is a symptom of schizophrenia, where a person only uses one-word responses.
• Alogia affects positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
• Deviance corresponds to behaviors that violate social norms.
• Distress is a personal discomfort or suffering that behaviors cause.
• Using the DSM-5 can have issues with high levels of comorbidity leading to diagnostic problems.
• A rec league basketball player with a low motivational and energy cycle with fluctuations may struggle with major depressive disorder.

Tuesday Quiz 14

• Intimate partner violence is a highly likely trauma that could lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.
• The diathesis-stress model describes how underlying vulnerabilities combine with stress to cause disorders.
• A valid criticism of the DSM-5 is that disorders are diagnosed more frequently than necessary.
• Adjustment disorder is when a person experiences significant distress, such as crying frequently and avoiding other pets after losing a pet.
• Mania in Bipolar II are less severe than those seen in Bipolar I.

Test your knowledge on research methods in psychology, including concepts like spaced practice, demand characteristics, and the effects of caffeine on performance. This quiz covers different aspects of experimental design and participant behavior in psychological studies.