Psychology Perspectives Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does the psychodynamic perspective emphasize as a key factor influencing behavior?

  • Environmental reinforcement
  • Social interactions
  • Unconscious mental processes (correct)
  • Cognitive development
  • Which perspective emphasizes the importance of learning experiences in shaping behavior?

  • Behavioral Perspective (correct)
  • Psychodynamic Perspective
  • Humanistic Perspective
  • Cognitive Perspective
  • What aspect of human behavior does the humanistic perspective focus on?

  • Instinctual energy
  • Human values and free will (correct)
  • Collective unconscious
  • Environmental rewards and punishments
  • Which of the following is a main focus of the behavioral perspective?

    <p>Environmental conditions affecting behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is often used to describe the behavioral perspective's view of the mind?

    <p>Black box</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common assumption among modern psychologists regarding human behavior?

    <p>Human behavior can be explained through multiple views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which perspective posits that childhood experiences have a crucial role in shaping adult personality?

    <p>Psychodynamic Perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of humanistic psychology?

    <p>To help individuals achieve self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disorder did the patient discussed in the case study suffer from?

    <p>Prospagnosia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the absolute threshold?

    <p>The minimum amount of stimulation detectable 50% of the time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the patient mistake objects he saw?

    <p>He mistook tire hydrants for children's heads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sensory adaptation refer to?

    <p>The body's adjustment to chronic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cognitive perspective primarily emphasize?

    <p>The mental processes that underlie reasoning and problem-solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychological factor is significant in the detection of a stimulus?

    <p>Response bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event illustrates the difference between sensation and perception?

    <p>Recognizing a person by their voice instead of their face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used in the cognitive perspective to explore behavior?

    <p>Electrical recording of brain activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of sensory threshold mentioned?

    <p>Renowned threshold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the biological perspective view the relationship between biology and behavior?

    <p>Biology and behavior interact in a complex way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the socio-cultural perspective, human behavior is heavily influenced by which of the following?

    <p>Cultural and social factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a stimulus is consistently presented at low intensity?

    <p>The absolute threshold is calculated based on detection rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key idea of the socio-cultural perspective regarding culture?

    <p>Humans are both products and producers of culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common focus of cultural psychologists within the socio-cultural perspective?

    <p>The impact of cultural rules and values on behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the biological perspective suggest about genetic heritage?

    <p>It can predispose individuals to certain behavior patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does the cognitive perspective NOT focus on?

    <p>How emotional states impact thought processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do motives and needs influence perception?

    <p>They affect what individuals choose to pay attention to.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for form perception?

    <p>Distinguishing an object from its background.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do gestalt psychologists emphasize regarding form perception?

    <p>It involves both active and passive elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does figure-ground perception involve?

    <p>Perceiving objects as distinct from their background.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do contours play in form perception?

    <p>They help to outline and distinguish forms from the background.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the active nature of perception according to gestalt principles?

    <p>Perception involves selective attention to sensory input.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element can shift between figure and ground in perception?

    <p>The focus of attention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sensory inputs vary between individuals?

    <p>They are influenced by personal needs and motives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes contours to be perceived in a visual field?

    <p>Marked differences in brightness or color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do contours affect our perception of objects?

    <p>They help mark objects off from one another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organizing principle states that items close together are perceived as a group?

    <p>Proximity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main assertion of Gestalt psychologists regarding perception?

    <p>The whole is more than the sum of its parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a principle of perceptual organization as discussed?

    <p>Contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to perception when contours are disrupted, as in camouflage?

    <p>Perception focuses on background rather than objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In organizational perception, what does similarity allow us to do?

    <p>Ignore differences among items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do grouping processes impact our perception of complex patterns?

    <p>They create a sense of unitary forms or objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is essential for effective learning according to the psychological wellbeing of the learner?

    <p>Self-respect and self-confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of good working conditions in learning effectiveness?

    <p>They include environmental factors like noise and temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do background experiences impact learning?

    <p>They enhance learning by connecting new information to previous knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of having too long or too short learning periods?

    <p>Both can reduce effectiveness due to fatigue or lack of practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which learning approach yields better results according to the massed and distributed learning concept?

    <p>Learning that is distributed over time with breaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does classical conditioning primarily focus on in the learning process?

    <p>Emotional or physiological responses to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do behavioral theories view the role of reinforcement in learning?

    <p>They provide divergent viewpoints regarding its importance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do behavioral theories emphasize in terms of learning?

    <p>Observable behaviors and consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    General Information

    • Course title: General Psychology
    • Course code: Psyc 1011
    • Date: September 2019
    • Country: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
    • Ministry: Ministry of Science and Higher Education

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    Description

    This quiz explores the main psychological perspectives, including psychodynamic, behavioral, and humanistic approaches. Participants will answer questions about the emphasis each perspective places on behavior, childhood experiences, and human potential. Test your knowledge on the key factors influencing psychological theories.

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