Psychology: Perception and Social Behavior
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the minimum level of stimulation required for a person to detect a stimulus 50% of the time?

  • Sensory adaptation
  • Absolute threshold (correct)
  • Just noticeable difference
  • Difference threshold
  • Which principle suggests that our brain organizes sensory information into meaningful wholes?

  • Perceptual constancy
  • Bottom-up processing
  • Gestalt principles (correct)
  • Top-down processing
  • What phenomenon occurs when individuals are less likely to help someone in need when other people are present?

  • Bystander effect (correct)
  • Altruism
  • Fundamental attribution error
  • Cognitive dissonance
  • What concept explains why a person may attribute their own failures to external factors while blaming others for their failures on personal shortcomings?

    <p>Fundamental attribution error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the tendency to perceive moral situations as inherently fair and just?

    <p>Just-world phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of memory is characterized by the ability to recall visual information with high accuracy after only brief exposure?

    <p>Eidetic memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary principle behind the Law of Effect proposed by Thorndike?

    <p>Responses followed by satisfying outcomes are strengthened.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would retroactive interference likely occur?

    <p>Remembering an old phone number after learning a new one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does spontaneous recovery refer to in the context of learning?

    <p>A sudden increase in learned behavior after a pause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of study is likely to produce stronger long-term retention of information?

    <p>Distributed practice with spaced study sessions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle behind the Yerkes-Dodson Law?

    <p>There is an optimal level of arousal for peak performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental stage is characterized by a child’s ability to think logically about concrete events?

    <p>Concrete operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Bipolar disorder from other mood disorders?

    <p>It includes episodes of intense energy and euphoria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of child development, what does the term 'object permanence' refer to?

    <p>The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychological theory emphasizes the importance of stages in moral development?

    <p>Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the phenomenon where external rewards decrease intrinsic motivation?

    <p>Overjustification effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the sequence of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?

    <p>Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which theory does Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism play a significant role?

    <p>Cognitive-behavioral theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Freud's model of personality encompasses which of the following components?

    <p>Id, ego, superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dweck's mindset theory primarily differentiate between?

    <p>Fixed and growth mindsets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the all-or-none rule state about action potentials?

    <p>Once triggered, an action potential occurs with full strength or not at all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for involuntary bodily functions?

    <p>Autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes transduction in the nervous system?

    <p>Conversion of one form of energy into another by sensory receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the refractory period play in neural firing?

    <p>It prevents the neuron from firing again immediately after an action potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of neurons is responsible for transmitting excitatory and inhibitory signals?

    <p>Excitatory and inhibitory neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Perception and the Senses

    • Absolute threshold
    • Eye anatomy: pupils, lenses, rods, cones
    • Gestalt Principles of perception
    • Habituation
    • Sensation/perception
    • Top-down/bottom-up processing
    • Perceptual constancy

    Social Psychology

    • Altruism
    • Bystander effect
    • Central/peripheral persuasion
    • Cognitive dissonance
    • Cognitive miser
    • Frustration-aggression principle
    • Fundamental attribution error
    • Just-world phenomenon
    • Learned helplessness
    • Person perception & Behavior
    • Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo)
    • Stereotypes

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    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts in perception and social psychology, covering topics like the absolute threshold, Gestalt principles, the bystander effect, and cognitive dissonance. Test your knowledge on how we perceive the world around us and how social influences affect our behavior. Perfect for psychology students looking to deepen their understanding of these fundamental theories.

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