Psychology of Stress Response

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What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in the fight-or-flight response?

To ready the individual to counter the threat or escape (correct)

To monitor one's degree of inclusion and exclusion

To nurture and strengthen relationships

To calm the individual down

According to Mark Leary and his colleagues, what common thread was found among 15 cases of post-1995 school shootings in the United States?

Rejection and aggression (correct)

Alienation and helplessness

Individualism and collectivism

Depression and loss of self-worth

What is the term for the physiological, psychological, and interpersonal response to stressful events characterized by increased nurturing and supporting behaviors?

Tend-and-befriend response (correct)

Inclusion and exclusion response

Alienation and depression response

Fight-or-flight response

What is the primary focus of individualism?

The primacy of the individual and their rights (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the sociometer theory?

To monitor one's degree of inclusion and exclusion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship is characterized by meeting the needs and interests of others?

Communal relationship (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is individualism based on?

Independence and uniqueness of individual (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the social standard that encourages distributing rewards and resources in proportion to inputs?

Equity norm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage characterized by alienation, helplessness, loss of self-worth, and depression?

Resignation stage (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Edgar Schein, what is necessary for a group to have a culture?

A definable group with a shared history (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a collectivist ideology?

Emphasizing the primacy of the group or community (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the norm that encourages individuals to pay back in kind what they receive from others?

Norm of reciprocity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tendency to view one's own group more positively than other groups?

In-group Out-group bias (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for distancing oneself from a group that performs poorly?

Cutting off Reflected Failure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for restricting comparisons between groups to tasks where one's own group is more successful?

Social Creativity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the anxiety-provoking belief that others' perceptions will be influenced by negative stereotypes about one's group?

Stereotype Threat (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for leaving a group to join a more promising one?

Individual Mobility (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the focus of study when examining a multilevel process or phenomenon?

Level of Analysis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals within a social category?

They have a similar identity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the qualities of the individuals who are members of a group?

Composition (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the people who are not part of a group?

Outsiders (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the actions of group members that pertain to the group's projects, tasks, and goals?

Interaction Task Interaction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a set of interpersonally interconnected individuals or groups?

Social Network (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a relatively large aggregation or group of individuals who display similarities in actions and outlook?

Group (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the apparent cohesiveness or unity of an assemblage of individuals?

Entitativity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the solidarity or unity of a group resulting from the development of strong and mutual interpersonal bonds among members?

Group Cohesion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of tasks classified by McGrath (1984)?

Intellective, Cognitive Conflict, and Mixed Motive tasks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of groups classified based on their origin?

Planned, Emergent, Concocted, and Founded groups (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the scientific study of interpersonal processes that occur within and between groups?

Group Dynamics (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to study groups?

To understand group-level influence (B) Signup and view all the answers