Psychology Emotion and Stress Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What role do emotions primarily play according to the provided content?

Regulating physiological changes

Motivating adaptive behaviors (correct)

Affecting cognitive processes

Enhancing social interactions

Which of the following distinguishes emotions from moods?

Emotions are brief in duration. (correct)

Emotions are less intense compared to moods.

Emotions are generally longer-lasting than moods.

Emotions are more subjective than moods.

Which statement best describes the relationship between emotions and physiology?

Emotions have no link to physiological changes.

Physiological changes are only a result of mood changes.

Emotions link psychology to physiological changes. (correct)

Emotions influence physiological responses but not behaviors.

Which method is NOT part of the Process Model of Emotional Regulation?

Emotion Suppression Signup and view all the answers

How do extroverted individuals typically respond to emotions compared to introverted individuals?

They are more likely to express their emotions. Signup and view all the answers

What is attentional deployment in the context of emotional regulation?

Focusing on different aspects of a situation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines 'affect' in relation to emotions?

An overarching term for emotions, feelings, and moods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a question related to emotional regulation?

What are the physiological changes associated with moods? Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress?

To release stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol Signup and view all the answers

During the Resistance Stage of stress response, what is a key characteristic of the body's condition?

The body attempts to adapt and maintain high alertness Signup and view all the answers

What chronic health issues can arise from prolonged exposure to stress in the Exhaustion Stage?

Hypertension and immune suppression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with stress disorders?

Hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended nursing implication for patients in the Resistance Stage of stress?

Monitor for signs of chronic stress Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy is designed specifically to help patients cope with traumatic memories?

Exposure Therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential outcome of chronic stress that falls under the effects of the Exhaustion Stage?

Mental health crises Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders?

Benzodiazepines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Mental Health Act (MHA)?

To protect individuals receiving mental health care from abuse Signup and view all the answers

Which form under the Mental Health Act is used for certification?

Form 5 Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a euthymic mood?

A stable and normal mood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of major depressive disorder?

Decreased interest or pleasure Signup and view all the answers

How long must symptoms persist for a diagnosis of mania?

At least one week Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hypomania is true?

It lasts at least four consecutive days. Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety is typically categorized as being more concerning when it is:

Persistent and excessive Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of bipolar disorder related to behavior?

Increased interest in high-risk activities Signup and view all the answers

Which model is used for the classification of mental illnesses?

DSM-5 Signup and view all the answers

What can be a result of prolonged stress, as per the General Adaptation Syndrome?

Adverse effects on mental health Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is categorized under other depressive conditions?

Seasonal Affective Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes feelings compared to emotions?

They provide a conscious interpretation of emotions. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main physiological responses during the alarm stage of General Adaptation Syndrome?

Initiation of the 'fight or flight' response Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the classification of mental illnesses in the DSM-5?

Personal history of treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is emotional dysregulation characterized by?

Difficulty in managing fluctuating moods Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of violence?

Intellectual Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about social support networks is true?

They consist of family, friends, and peers Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of prolonged loneliness?

Increased rates of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What does resiliency refer to?

The capacity to recover from challenges Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a range of thoughts and feelings related to self-harm or the desire to end one’s life?

Suicidal Behaviour Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about aggression is false?

Aggression is an innate response with no progression Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of social identity in social support networks?

To determine health-related behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What classification does NOT belong to types of violence?

Intellectual Signup and view all the answers

Which method is most commonly associated with suicide globally?

Hanging Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception regarding the terminology of suicide?

Successful suicide is a correct term to use Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT characteristic of the bubble metaphor in discussing resiliency?

Emphasizes stability in emotional responses Signup and view all the answers

What is considered an indicator of emotional distress that can lead to aggression?

Body language and speech Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a verbal cue of potential suicide risk?

Sudden interest in religion Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of non-maleficence in mental health nursing?

Avoiding actions that cause harm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a situational cue for suicide risk?

Recent unwanted move Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'autonomy' in mental health care?

The right of patients to make their own treatment decisions Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor can contribute to an increased likelihood of suicide?

Mental health disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which factor falls under community and relationship risk factors for suicide?

Discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What is a protective factor against suicide?

Strong personal relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the ethical principle of beneficence?

Acting in the best interest of the patient Signup and view all the answers

What triggers a person to be certified under the Mental Health Act?

A mental disorder impairing function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common misconception regarding confidentiality in mental health?

Confidentiality can never be broken Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is included in the barriers to healthcare access?

Stigmas associated with seeking help Signup and view all the answers

What is a common situation that can lead to feelings of hopelessness?

Job or financial loss Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the ethical obligation of confidentiality?

Protecting sensitive information shared by the patient Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Three Step Theory (3ST) of Suicide?

Explaining motivations for suicidal behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Emotional Regulation (Week 2)

Emotions involve physiological changes influencing behavior, linked to nervous system arousal and behavioral tendencies.
Extroverts tend to express emotions more openly, introverts conceal them.
Emotions drive motivation, considered positive/negative experiences with physiological patterns.
Emotions facilitate adaptive behaviors crucial for survival.
Emotions are: discrete/consistent, limited in duration, varying in intensity, context-specific.
Emotions differ from feelings (subjective, personal) and moods (longer-lasting, less intense).
Affect encompasses emotions, feelings, and moods.
Emotional regulation is a learnable process, potentially disrupted by internal/external factors, impacting function and outcome.

Process Model of Emotional Regulation

Situation Selection: Choosing to approach or avoid situations triggering emotional responses.
Situation Modification: Changing aspects of a situation evoking emotions.
Attentional Deployment: Focusing on different aspects of a situation.
Cognitive Change: Changing thought processes about a situation.
Response Modulation: Changing behaviors in response to the situation.

Emotional Regulation - Self-Assessment

Identify specific thoughts triggering negative emotions.
Determine emotionally challenging and easy-to-tolerate feelings.
Recognize calming-down behaviors; assess short/long-term effectiveness and desirability.
Identify underlying beliefs perpetuating negative cycles.
Recognize thoughts/beliefs promoting positive feelings.

Emotional Dysregulation

Poorly regulated emotional responses outside the typical range.
Characterized by mood fluctuations, swings or lability.
Difficult to manage and respond flexibly to emotions.

Positive Support Networks (Week 3)

Networks include family, friends, and peers.
Networks are crucial during stressful times.
Social support networks develop outside of stressful periods.
Networks need not be formalized or have leaders.
Loneliness in Canada is linked to increased health issues and potentially reduced lifespan.
Studies indicate 1 in 5 Canadians feel lonely.

Social Identity—belonging to social groups—influences appraisals/responses, health behaviors, and clinical outcomes.
Social identity is a valuable coping resource.

Violence & Aggression (Week 4)

Violence encompasses power and control, manifesting as physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, spiritual, cultural, verbal abuse, financial abuse, and neglect.
Anger is a normal human response to perceived provocation, resulting from frustration, hurt, or fear.
Aggression is negative anger response; can be verbal or physical.

Aggressive Behavior Process

Aggression involves a progression through stages.
Bullying can be horizontal/lateral (peer-to-peer with ongoing negativity) or vertical (hierarchy-based).

Observation of Aggressive Person

Observe body language, speech, affect, environment.
Identify potential risks and contributing factors within the environment.
Determine what can be done to address the observed concerns using powers and controls in the situation.
Use effective communication for appropriate responses.

Resilience and Spirituality (Week 5)

Resilience is the ability to withstand difficulties and recover from hardship.
It involves bouncing back from adversity and demonstrating positive adaptation.
Spirituality involves a sense of meaning, purpose, and the potential for forgiveness and flourishing.
Spirituality and religion can be positive, negative, or neutral aspects of resilience.

Working with Suicide (Week 6)

Suicide is the intentional taking of one’s own life.
Suicide attempt is an action with intent to die but without death resulting.
Suicidal behaviors encompass thoughts, feelings, actions, and increased risk behaviors relating to self-harm.
Avoid terminology like “successful suicide” or “commit suicide.”
Suicide is preventable.
Suicide rates are higher in vulnerable and marginalized groups globally; men are 3x more likely to die from suicide in wealthier nations, but the ratio is lower in lower- and middle-income countries (men to women).
Highest rates in people aged 70+ and global leading cause of death globally for 15-29 year-olds.
Common methods are ingestion of pesticides, hanging, and firearms.

Cues and Warning Signs of Suicide

Verbal: Direct or indirect statements.
Behavioral: Changes in academic/work performance, mood/behavior, social interaction.
Reference to exit strategies: Acquiring lethal means, putting affairs in order, giving away possessions
Situational: Events like job loss, relationship issues, or loss of a loved one, discrimination, or feelings of isolation.

Risk Factors for Suicide

Health System: Access to health care, media reporting, stigma of help-seeking.
Community/Relationship: Disasters, war, acculturation issues, discrimination, trauma, relationship conflict, isolation, lack of support.
Individual: Previous attempts, mental health disorders, substance use, financial/work loss, hopelessness, chronic pain/illness, family history, genetic/biological factors.

Protective Factors for Suicide

Strong relationships
Religious/spiritual beliefs
Positive coping, well-being strategies

Suicide Prevention

Research is needed to understanding causes of suicide (e.g., The Three-Step Theory of Suicide)
Policy-related strategies for prevention
Education about suicide and its prevention
Utilizing non-specialist health professionals
Self-help groups
Trained volunteers

Ethics and Mental Health Act (Week 7)

Ethics provides a logical basis for decision-making.
Ethical principles in mental healthcare include autonomy (patient choice), beneficence(best interest), non-maleficence (do no harm), confidentiality, equity(fair distribution), and fairness.
Decision-making capacity: assessing a patient's ability to make decisions.

Confidentiality must be broken in situations (e.g. harm to self or others, legal requirement.).
Informed consent involves patients' understanding of treatment implications and benefits.

Autonomy, Truth-Telling, Patient Rights

Patient's rights to refuse treatment
Truth-telling, and the necessity for withholding information in some situations.
All patients and those certified under the mental health act for treatment have rights within the act.

Mental Health Act (MHA)

Provincial law for treatment of those needing protection and care; ensures treatment of individuals who may require care against their will.
Protects patients receiving care.
Protect those who are certified (i.e., not being abused).
Specific criteria must be met before someone can be certified involuntarily for treatment under the MHA.
Includes Form 4, 5, 13, 15, and 16 – relevant legal forms.

Mood Disorders (Week 8)

DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Version 5 (2013) used for classifying mental illnesses.
Emotions: intense, short-lived responses to events.
Feelings: subjective experiences of emotions.
Moods: longer-lasting, less intense emotional states.
Euthymic: normal, stable mood.
Mania: abnormally elevated mood, lasting at least one week.
Hypomania: milder form of mania, lasting at least four days.

Mood Disorders - Specific Definitions

Major Depressive Disorder: Depressed mood, decreased pleasure, significant weight changes, sleep disturbances, psychomotor retardation/agitation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness/guilt, concentration issues, suicidal thoughts.
Other Depressive Conditions: Postpartum depression, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, seasonal affective disorder, dysthymia.
Bipolar Disorder: Episodes of mania (or hypomania) and depression. Mania involves high self-esteem, decreased sleep, rapid speech, racing thoughts, distractibility, increased goal-oriented behavior, psychomotor agitation, risk-taking behavior.
Anxiety Disorders: Include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias (social, agoraphobia), PTSD, OCD, adjustment disorder, acute stress disorder, dissociative disorders.

Stress and Trauma-Based Disorders

Anxiety: feelings of unease about a perceived or anticipated threat.
Trauma: deeply distressing experience, overwhelming coping abilities.
Stress: body’s response to perceived exceeding coping abilities.
General Adaptation Syndrome: three-stage model of stress response (alarm, resistance, exhaustion).

Treatments for Mood Disorders

Medications: Antidepressants (SSRIs, tricyclics, atypicals), mood stabilizers (lithium, anticonvulsants), anxiolytics (benzodiazepines).
Talk Therapies: CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy), Exposure therapy, adaptive disclosure, grounding/mindfulness, positive reframing, decatastrophizing, assertiveness training, desensitization (systematic, flooding), interpersonal therapy, light therapy, Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).

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Description

This quiz focuses on the roles of emotions and the physiological aspects linked to them, as well as the Process Model of Emotional Regulation. Explore questions regarding emotional responses in different personality types, stress responses, and related health issues. Test your knowledge on the relationship between emotions, stress, and their regulation methods.