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Questions and Answers
Which type of memory disorder is often associated with chronic alcoholism?
What is the primary effect of Amnesic Syndrome on a person's memory?
What is the typical cause of Herpes Encephalitis?
Which type of memory disorder is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder?
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What is the primary symptom of Korsakoff Syndrome?
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What is the typical effect of Alzheimer's Disease on a person's memory?
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Which type of memory disorder is an acute or subacute illness?
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What is the typical cause of Amnesic Syndrome?
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Which type of memory disorder primarily affects older adults?
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What is the primary cause of Korsakoff Syndrome?
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Study Notes
Memory Disorders
- Memory impairments occur when damage to specific brain regions hinders or diminishes the capacity to encode, retain, or recall information.
- These disorders influence cognitive functions and social interactions, affecting linguistic abilities, problem-solving skills, and the execution of basic tasks.
- Memory disorders can vary in severity from mild to severe and can be either progressive or sudden.
Causes of Memory Disorders
- Neurological conditions: Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, Parkinson's Disease, Severe Head Injuries, and Repeated concussions that damage the nerves, tissues, and blood supply to the brain.
- Psychological conditions: Depression, Anxiety, and Brain Tumor.
Introduction to DSM-5/5 TR
- Updated Terminology: DSM-5 introduced Mild and Major Neurocognitive Disorders.
- Major NCD replaces "dementia" to avoid its negative connotations and facilitate early diagnosis, especially in younger patients.
- Diagnostic Criteria for Major NCD: requires decline in only one cognitive domain, memory impairment is not essential, and cognitive deficits must interfere with independence in daily activities.
Stages of Memory
- Types of memories stored in the brain:
- Amnesic Syndrome: characterized by severe deficits in the ability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia).
- Korsakoff Syndrome: chronic memory disorder caused by severe deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), often associated with chronic alcoholism.
- Herpes Encephalitis: acute or subacute illness that causes both general and focal signs of cerebral dysfunction, usually caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
- Alzheimer's Disease: progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects older adults.
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Description
Test your knowledge of anterograde and retrograde memory, two types of memory that are crucial in psychology. Learn how they differ and how they impact our daily lives.
