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Questions and Answers
Sensory information is stored in the brain for a ______ amount of time.
brief
The Three-Stage Model of Memory includes the stages of ______, Storage, and Retrieval.
Encoding
The process of transferring information from Short-Term Memory to Long-Term Memory is called ______.
Consolidation
The ______ Theory suggests that information is lost over time due to non-use.
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The tendency to remember information that confirms existing beliefs is known as ______.
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The Levels of Processing Model includes both ______ and Deep Processing.
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The process of creating a memory is called ______.
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The availability ______ is a tendency to overestimate the importance of vivid memories.
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Unconscious forgetting of unpleasant memories is known as ______.
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Study Notes
Types of Memory
- Sensory Memory: brief storage of sensory information in the brain (e.g., visual, auditory)
- Short-Term Memory (STM): limited capacity, information held for a short time ( seconds to a minute)
- Long-Term Memory (LTM): permanent storage, capacity is relatively unlimited
Models of Memory
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Three-Stage Model:
- Encoding (information enters the system)
- Storage (information is retained)
- Retrieval (information is accessed)
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Levels of Processing Model:
- Shallow Processing (structural, surface-level processing)
- Deep Processing (semantic, meaningful processing)
Memory Processes
- Encoding: process of creating a memory
- Consolidation: process of transferring information from STM to LTM
- Retrieval: process of accessing stored information
- Forgetting: loss of information over time
Types of Forgetting
- Decay Theory: information is lost over time due to non-use
- Interference Theory: new information interferes with existing information
- Repression: unconscious forgetting of unpleasant memories
Memory Biases and Errors
- Confirmation Bias: tendency to remember information that confirms existing beliefs
- Hindsight Bias: tendency to overestimate the predictability of an event
- Availability Heuristic: tendency to overestimate the importance of vivid memories
- Misinformation Effect: incorporating false information into memories
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Description
This quiz covers the different types of memory, models of memory, memory processes, types of forgetting, and memory biases and errors. Test your knowledge of how our brains process and store information.
