Psychology of Memory

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What is the primary function of the central executive component of working memory?

Directing attention and managing cognitive processes (correct)

Storing procedural skills and habits

Storing knowledge of facts and memories of events

Maintaining information about auditory stimuli

Which type of long-term memory is most resistant to age-related decline?

Prospective memory

Implicit memory (correct)

Episodic memory

Semantic memory

What is the term for remembering things we need to do in the future?

Prospective memory (correct)

Episodic memory

Implicit memory

Semantic memory

Which component of working memory is responsible for maintaining information about visual stimuli?

Visuospatial sketchpad Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for changes in behavior as a result of frequent or recent experiences?

Priming Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is divided into semantic and episodic memory?

Explicit memory Signup and view all the answers

What type of prospective memory involves remembering to perform a task at a specific time or after a certain amount of time has passed?

Time-based prospective memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why recognition tasks are often easier for all humans?

They require less cognitive energy Signup and view all the answers

What theory suggests that cognitive performance declines with age due to a general slowing in the speed at which individuals can process information?

Processing Speed Theory Signup and view all the answers

What type of problem-solving tasks are affected by age-related declines in cognitive performance?

Tasks that require processing non-meaningful information quickly Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why older adults may struggle with certain cognitive tasks?

Changes in sensory functioning and speed of processing information Signup and view all the answers

What theory suggests that aging impairs the brain's ability to suppress irrelevant information and distractions?

Inhibition Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of reduced inhibitory control in late adulthood?

Difficulty managing interference and maintaining cognitive performance Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of relativistic thinking in older adults?

Appreciation of multiple perspectives Signup and view all the answers

What type of intelligence is associated with information processing abilities?

Fluid intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of dialectical thought in older adults?

Ability to appreciate essential paradox Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of systemic thinking in older adults?

Ability to think about entire systems of knowledge or ideas Signup and view all the answers

What type of intelligence is associated with abilities that draw upon experience and knowledge?

Crystallized intelligence Signup and view all the answers