Psychology of Memory

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the central executive component of working memory?

  • Directing attention and managing cognitive processes (correct)
  • Storing procedural skills and habits
  • Storing knowledge of facts and memories of events
  • Maintaining information about auditory stimuli

Which type of long-term memory is most resistant to age-related decline?

  • Prospective memory
  • Implicit memory (correct)
  • Episodic memory
  • Semantic memory

What is the term for remembering things we need to do in the future?

  • Prospective memory (correct)
  • Episodic memory
  • Implicit memory
  • Semantic memory

Which component of working memory is responsible for maintaining information about visual stimuli?

<p>Visuospatial sketchpad (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for changes in behavior as a result of frequent or recent experiences?

<p>Priming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is divided into semantic and episodic memory?

<p>Explicit memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of prospective memory involves remembering to perform a task at a specific time or after a certain amount of time has passed?

<p>Time-based prospective memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why recognition tasks are often easier for all humans?

<p>They require less cognitive energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory suggests that cognitive performance declines with age due to a general slowing in the speed at which individuals can process information?

<p>Processing Speed Theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of problem-solving tasks are affected by age-related declines in cognitive performance?

<p>Tasks that require processing non-meaningful information quickly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why older adults may struggle with certain cognitive tasks?

<p>Changes in sensory functioning and speed of processing information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory suggests that aging impairs the brain's ability to suppress irrelevant information and distractions?

<p>Inhibition Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of reduced inhibitory control in late adulthood?

<p>Difficulty managing interference and maintaining cognitive performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of relativistic thinking in older adults?

<p>Appreciation of multiple perspectives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of intelligence is associated with information processing abilities?

<p>Fluid intelligence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of dialectical thought in older adults?

<p>Ability to appreciate essential paradox (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of systemic thinking in older adults?

<p>Ability to think about entire systems of knowledge or ideas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of intelligence is associated with abilities that draw upon experience and knowledge?

<p>Crystallized intelligence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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