Podcast
Questions and Answers
Retroactive interference occurs when:
Retroactive interference occurs when:
- Old information decays over time.
- New material interferes with recalling old material. (correct)
- New information decays over time.
- Old information interferes with learning new material.
Define retroactive interference.
Define retroactive interference.
Backward acting memory; a new memory interferes with remembering an old memory.
What is proactive interference?
What is proactive interference?
The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information.
What does the prefix 'pro-' mean?
What does the prefix 'pro-' mean?
Which of the following types of memory does not affect behavior consciously and can be measured only indirectly?
Which of the following types of memory does not affect behavior consciously and can be measured only indirectly?
What is nondeclarative memory?
What is nondeclarative memory?
What is declarative memory?
What is declarative memory?
The time that your favorite restaurant closes is stored as a _____ memory.
The time that your favorite restaurant closes is stored as a _____ memory.
What parts of the brain are in charge of declarative memory?
What parts of the brain are in charge of declarative memory?
What is episodic memory?
What is episodic memory?
Explicit memory can be divided into two parts:
Explicit memory can be divided into two parts:
Memory such as skills (e.g., knowing how to get dressed) is what type?
Memory such as skills (e.g., knowing how to get dressed) is what type?
Based on operant conditioning principles, which type of punishment would be least effective in stopping a child's desire to write on the walls?
Based on operant conditioning principles, which type of punishment would be least effective in stopping a child's desire to write on the walls?
Positive reinforcement is generally ____ ______ than punishment for increasing the frequency of a desired behavior.
Positive reinforcement is generally ____ ______ than punishment for increasing the frequency of a desired behavior.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
What is vicarious reinforcement?
What is innate behavior?
What is innate behavior?
What is procedural memory?
What is procedural memory?
Amnesic patients with hippocampal damage may not have ___ memory for a skill they have recently learned, indicating that _____ memory exists.
Amnesic patients with hippocampal damage may not have ___ memory for a skill they have recently learned, indicating that _____ memory exists.
What is echoic memory?
What is echoic memory?
A demyelinating disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, would cause all of the following symptoms EXCEPT:
A demyelinating disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, would cause all of the following symptoms EXCEPT:
A reduction in myelination would result in a ___ in white matter.
A reduction in myelination would result in a ___ in white matter.
What are Nodes of Ranvier?
What are Nodes of Ranvier?
Myelination speeds the movement of the action potential along the length of the____.
Myelination speeds the movement of the action potential along the length of the____.
What is myelination?
What is myelination?
What is saltatory conduction?
What is saltatory conduction?
What is Sick role theory?
What is Sick role theory?
What is Functionalism?
What is Functionalism?
What is Symbolic Interactionism?
What is Symbolic Interactionism?
Latent functions of education are the consequences of a lesson that (______/was) explicitly stated.
Latent functions of education are the consequences of a lesson that (______/was) explicitly stated.
Manifest functions of education are the consequences of a lesson that has been intentionally taught, with an intended purpose.
Manifest functions of education are the consequences of a lesson that has been intentionally taught, with an intended purpose.
____ is most often associated with conflict theory and the Communist Manifesto.
____ is most often associated with conflict theory and the Communist Manifesto.
_____ expanded on Marx by asserting that civilizations are shaped by war and conquest.
_____ expanded on Marx by asserting that civilizations are shaped by war and conquest.
What is Ludwig Gumplowicz known for?
What is Ludwig Gumplowicz known for?
What does Weber's Law state?
What does Weber's Law state?
What is the Communist Manifesto?
What is the Communist Manifesto?
What is Communism?
What is Communism?
Functionalism focuses on social structures and how they interact.
Functionalism focuses on social structures and how they interact.
Conflict theory seeks to describe the relationship between unequal access and social tension.
Conflict theory seeks to describe the relationship between unequal access and social tension.
What are brute facts?
What are brute facts?
What is gentrification?
What is gentrification?
What is gender stratification?
What is gender stratification?
What is hidden curriculum?
What is hidden curriculum?
Who is a patriarch?
Who is a patriarch?
What is patrilocality?
What is patrilocality?
What is matrilocality?
What is matrilocality?
What is neolocal residence?
What is neolocal residence?
What is neologism?
What is neologism?
What does ambiguous mean?
What does ambiguous mean?
What does ambilocal mean?
What does ambilocal mean?
What is a sect?
What is a sect?
What is an ecclesia?
What is an ecclesia?
What is a cult?
What is a cult?
The medicalization of deviance is the process of changing a 'bad' behavior into a 'sick' behavior.
The medicalization of deviance is the process of changing a 'bad' behavior into a 'sick' behavior.
What is a locavore?
What is a locavore?
What is Durkheim's view on religion?
What is Durkheim's view on religion?
Study Notes
Memory Interference
- Retroactive interference: New information interferes with recalling older material.
- Proactive interference: Old information disrupts the learning of new material.
Memory Types
- Nondeclarative memory (implicit): Not consciously recalled; measured indirectly, involved in skills and habits.
- Declarative memory (explicit): Consciously recalled memories, includes episodic (personal experiences) and semantic (factual information) memories.
Brain and Memory
- Key brain regions for declarative memory: Temporal cortex and hippocampus, critical for episodic memory retention.
Learning and Behavior
- Positive reinforcement: More effective than punishment in increasing desired behaviors.
- Vicarious reinforcement: Observing a model being rewarded increases the likelihood of imitation.
Operant Conditioning
- Ineffective punishment: Occasional punishment is less effective in modifying behavior compared to consistent consequences.
Amnesia and Memory
- Amnesic patients: May not have declarative memory but can demonstrate skills due to intact implicit memory.
Sensory Memory
- Echoic memory: Momentary retention of auditory information lasting 3-4 seconds.
Nervous System and Myelination
- Myelin: Insulating sheath around axons, essential for faster signal transmission.
- Saltatory conduction: Impulses jump between nodes of Ranvier, speeding up action potential movement.
Theoretical Frameworks
- Functionalism: Focuses on how mental processes help organisms adapt and thrive.
- Conflict theory: Views society as groups competing for scarce resources, highlighting issues of inequality.
Sociology and Group Dynamics
- Gentrification: Middle-class restoration of urban areas displacing lower-income residents.
- Gender stratification: Unequal distribution of wealth and power between genders.
Family Structures
- Matrilocality: Married couples live near the wife's family.
- Neolocal residence: Couples establish their own home separate from either family.
Religious Organizations
- Ecclesia: Religious group recognized as the national religion, encompassing most of society.
- Sect: Smaller group that has separated from an established denomination.
Deviance and Social Behavior
- Medicalization of deviance: Reframing 'bad' behaviors as 'sick' behaviors, while demedicalization normalizes 'sick' behaviors.
Cultural Concepts
- Locavore: Individual focusing on locally grown or produced food.
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Description
Explore key concepts in memory interference, types of memory, and behavior learning mechanisms. This quiz covers both declarative and nondeclarative memory, the role of the brain in memory retention, and principles of operant conditioning. Test your understanding of how learning and behavior can be reinforced or disrupted.
