Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the term for the habitual way people explain why bad events happen to them?
What is the result of people believing their world is largely uncontrollable?
What is the term for the relationship between a person's behavior and the environment's outcomes?
What is the outcome of people overestimating their extent of control?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of a Prevention Focus strategy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is characterized by feelings of listlessness, demoralized coping behavior, and decreased willingness to try?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the consequence of procrastination according to the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the key difference between Growth and Fixed mindsets?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three components of learned helplessness?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of exerting effort with eagerness and approach?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the key characteristic of a person with a Growth mindset?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of increasing motivation to earn high GPA?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the initial stage of effective self-regulation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary difference between students who are good at self-regulating their learning and those who are not?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the outcome of lacking self-regulation skills?
Signup and view all the answers
According to Schunk and Zimmerman (1997), what is self-regulation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of reflection in self-regulation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is metacognitive monitoring involved in self-regulation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is self-control, according to the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens when a person's glucose is depleted?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the benefit of goal disengagement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of pursuing long-term goals that satisfy the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of being in a positive mood state on self-control?
Signup and view all the answers
How can self-control strength be enhanced?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the focus of mastery goals?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of mindset is associated with ability criticism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main difference between growth mindset and fixed mindset?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of praise in a growth mindset?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of performance goals?
Signup and view all the answers
According to Dweck and Leggett, what is the essence of achievement goals?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Learned Helplessness
- Three components of learned helplessness: contingency, cognition, and behavior
- Contingency: objective relationship between a person's behavior and the environment's outcomes
- Cognition: subjective personal control beliefs, biases, attributions, and expectancies
- Behavior: listless, demoralized coping behavior
Effects of Helplessness
- Three effects: motivational deficits, learning deficits, and emotional deficits
- Motivational deficits: decreased willingness to try, "Why try?"
- Learning deficits: acquired pessimistic set that interferes with learning new response-outcome contingencies
- Emotional deficits: energy-depleting emotions such as listlessness, apathy, and depression
Helplessness and Depression
- Key question: Is depression caused by people's belief that their world is largely an uncontrollable place?
- Answer: No, depressed individuals accurately assess their extent of control
- Non-depressed individuals overestimate their control (extent of perceived control > actual objective control)
Explanatory Style
- Relatively stable, cognitively-based personality variable that reflects the habitual way people explain reasons for bad events
- Definition: reflects the habitual way people explain the reasons why bad events happen to them
Promotion Focus and Prevention Focus
- Promotion focus: exertion of effort, motivation, and performance are best when striving with eagerness and approach
- Prevention focus: exertion of effort, motivation, and performance are best when striving with vigilance and avoidance
Mindset
- Growth mindset: belief that personal qualities are malleable, changeable, and can be developed through effort
- Fixed mindset: belief that personal qualities are fixed, set, and not open to change
Self-Regulation
- Planning and strategic thinking, implementing action and self-control, monitoring and checking, and reflecting and adjusting
- Involves metacognitive monitoring of goal-setting progress
- Effective self-regulation begins and ends with effective forethought
Social Learning Process
- Self-regulation as a skill of the self that needs to be acquired, improved, and refined
- Lack of self-regulation skill: unable to regulate goals, implementation intentions, and coping strategies
Goal Attainment
- Self-regulation success: long-term goal attainment through self-regulation
- Depletion: self-control depletes glucose, leading to long-term goal failure
Adaptive Self-Regulation
- Ability to withdraw effort and commitment from an unattainable goal (goal disengagement) is an adaptive facet of effective self-regulation
- Helps to avoid accumulated failure experiences, redefine goals, and free personal resources
Happiness, Arousal, and Control
- Individual differences in happiness, arousal, and control
Origins of Growth-Fixed Mindsets
- Ability praise: "You are so smart!" tends to grow children's ability attributions and fixed mindset
- Ability criticism: "I'm very disappointed in you" tends to grow children's ability attributions and fixed mindset
- Effort/strategy praise: "You worked so hard!" tends to grow children's effort/strategy attributions and growth mindset
- Effort/strategy criticism: "Perhaps you could think of another way to do it" tends to grow children's effort/strategy attributions and growth mindset
Cognitive Models of Achievement Goals
- Mastery goals: seek to develop competence, make progress, and improve the self through intense and persistent effort
- Performance goals (fixed mindset): seek to demonstrate or prove one's competence, concerned with looking smart and not looking dumb
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the concept of learned helplessness, its components, and its effects on motivation, learning, and behavior. Learn about the contingency, cognition, and biases related to helplessness. Test your knowledge of this psychology topic!
