Operant Approach Characteristics Quiz: Psychology Functionalism and Pragmatism

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Questions and Answers

Which theme of cognitive psychology contrasts the use of reason and logic with observing and testing what we can sense?

Nature versus nurture

Biological versus behavioral methods

Structures versus processes

Rationalism versus empiricism (correct)

Which term refers to the interdisciplinary approach to the study of the mind, including fields like artificial intelligence and linguistics?

Multidisciplinary Approach to the Mind (MAM)

Cognitive science (correct)

Cognitive consortium

Cognitive psychology

Which theme of cognitive psychology focuses on whether we should study the content or the processes of the human mind?

Rationalism versus empiricism

Domain generality versus domain specificity

Nature versus nurture

Structures versus processes (correct)

Which theme of cognitive psychology contrasts the use of carefully controlled experiments with observing behaviors as they naturally occur?

Validity of inferences versus ecological validity Signup and view all the answers

Which major theme of cognitive psychology looks at the balance between using highly controlled experiments and naturalistic techniques?

Validity of inferences versus ecological validity Signup and view all the answers

Which theme of cognitive psychology examines the extent to which human cognition is domain-general or domain-specific?

Domain generality versus domain specificity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research is interested in identifying specific brain activity associated with cognitive tasks?

psychobiological research Signup and view all the answers

Which technique for studying the brain involves observing the brain after an individual's death?

postmortem Signup and view all the answers

Which technique for studying the brain involves intentionally causing specific cerebral damage to observe the effects on function?

in vivo Signup and view all the answers

Yaun's experiment, where he provided feedback on his cognitive processes after seeing stimuli, would be an example of which research method?

self-report Signup and view all the answers

Lequoia's study of observing specific behaviors at the mall and counting their frequency would be an example of which research method?

naturalistic observation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best definition of $psychobiological research$?

Research that focuses on the relationship between brain function and cognitive processes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the major theme in cognitive psychology regarding the focus of research?

Structures versus processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disagreement between Santiago and Ayami regarding the study of cognitive processes?

Whether to study the brain directly or look at performance on cognitive tasks Signup and view all the answers

Conducting lesions on the brain in psychological research is an example of which key issue in cognitive psychology?

Structure versus processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the disagreement between Santiago and Ayami's research labs?

They disagree on whether to conduct applied or basic research Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a key issue in cognitive psychology?

Rationalism versus materialism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the disagreement between Santiago and Ayami's research approaches?

Santiago advocates for studying the brain directly while Ayami advocates for studying cognitive task performance Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist was a leader in guiding functionalism towards pragmatism?

William James Signup and view all the answers

What does pragmatism concern itself with most directly?

The usefulness of knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Which type of knowledge would a pragmatist most likely support the study of?

Knowledge that can be used to help people become better educated Signup and view all the answers

Who examined the impact of rehearsal on memory using himself as a subject?

Ebbinghaus Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment provides an example of classically conditioned learning?

Dogs salivating at the sight of the person who feeds them Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of operant conditioning, according to Skinner?

The strengthening or weakening of behavior based on reinforcement or punishment Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which statement best describes the role of operant conditioning in explaining human behavior?

Human behavior is largely unpredictable, and only some aspects can be explained by reinforcement or punishment. Signup and view all the answers

What does the "law of effect" state, according to the passage?

A stimulus will tend to produce a certain response over time if the organism is repeatedly rewarded for that response. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes John Watson's relationship with functionalism?

Watson rejected some aspects of functionalism but also drew heavily from the functionalists. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a legitimate criticism of Behaviorism, according to the passage?

The behavioristic principles did not adequately explain language learning. Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which statement is true about the relationship between operant conditioning and human behavior?

Operant conditioning can explain some, but not all, aspects of human behavior. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which statement is NOT a legitimate criticism of Behaviorism?

Classical conditioning only works on animals and not humans. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rationalism vs. Empiricism

Focus on reason and logic vs. observing and testing through senses

Cognitive Science

Interdisciplinary approach to the study of the mind
Includes artificial intelligence, linguistic, etc.

Themes of Cognitive Psychology

Focus on content of human mind vs. processes of human thinking
Use of controlled experiments vs. naturalistic techniques
Basic research vs. applied research
Biological vs. behavioral methods
Structures vs. processes
Nature vs. nurture

Research Methods

Psychobiological research: identifying brain parts and activity associated with cognitive tasks
Postmortem: studying brain after death, relating function to observable features
In vivo: studying brain while alive, conducting cerebral damage to see effects on function
Self-report: providing feedback on cognitive processes
Naturalistic observation: observing people in natural environments

Debates in Cognitive Psychology

Biological vs. behavioral methods: studying brain directly vs. looking at performance on cognitive tasks
Rationalism vs. empiricism: reason and logic vs. observation and testing
Nature vs. nurture: innate abilities vs. environmental influences
Structures vs. processes: focus on content of mind vs. processes of human thinking
Applied vs. basic research: practical applications vs. fundamental cognitive processes

Historical Figures

William James: leader in guiding functionalism toward pragmatism
Hermann Ebbinghaus: researched impact of rehearsal on memory
B.F. Skinner: developed operant conditioning, referring to strengthening or weakening of behavior based on reinforcement or punishment

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Description

Test your knowledge on functionalism and pragmatism in psychology with this quiz. Identify key figures like John Dewey and concepts like the practicality of knowledge. Explore important contributions to the field of psychology.

Psychology Functionalism and Pragmatism Quiz