Questions and Answers
What is classical conditioning?
What is operant conditioning?
What is punishment in behavioral terms?
An event that creates likelihood that a behavior will be stopped.
Define reinforcement.
Signup and view all the answers
What is shaping?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a stimulus?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is Edward Thorndike?
Signup and view all the answers
Positive reinforcement _________ a behavior by giving you something.
Signup and view all the answers
Negative reinforcement _________ a behavior by taking something away.
Signup and view all the answers
Jackson is an aggressive little kid, and his mom wants him to stop banging his trucks against the furniture. What is this an example of?
Signup and view all the answers
Jakob loves to run and keeps this habit because of the outcome he gets each time. What does this demonstrate?
Signup and view all the answers
The example of learning to write shows that with a little help, most people can have their behavior ________.
Signup and view all the answers
_____ involve(s) the likelihood of increasing behavior.
Signup and view all the answers
Brandon gets headaches frequently but knows a cold cloth on his head makes him feel better. This is an example of _____.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the practical use of classical conditioning?
Signup and view all the answers
Classical conditioning requires _______.
Signup and view all the answers
How can you make a dog drool at the sound of a bell? Pair the sound of the bell with the sight of some food and _____.
Signup and view all the answers
What is shaping behavior?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Conditioning Concepts
- Classical Conditioning: Learning occurs through pairing two stimuli to form new associations.
- Operant Conditioning: Behavior is influenced by consequences, leading to the repetition of actions based on outcomes.
Behavioral Mechanisms
- Punishment: An event designed to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring.
- Reinforcement: Promotes the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
Behavioral Techniques
- Shaping: Involves reinforcing successive approximations to reach a desired behavior.
- Stimulus: Anything that elicits a response from an organism.
Key Figures in Conditioning
- Edward Thorndike: Pioneered operant conditioning experiments using cats to demonstrate behavior training.
Reinforcement Types
- Positive Reinforcement: Increases behavior by providing a desirable stimulus.
- Negative Reinforcement: Increases behavior by removing an aversive stimulus.
Applications of Conditioning
- Negative Punishment: Loss of privileges to reduce unwanted behavior (e.g., playtime lost for inappropriate actions).
- Operant Conditioning Example: Jakob develops a running habit due to the positive feelings (runner's high) following the activity.
Learning and Behavior Modification
- Behavior Shaping: With assistance, behaviors can be molded towards desired outcomes.
- Use of Reinforcement: Both positive and negative reinforcement contribute to the likelihood of behavior repetition.
Practical Use of Classical Conditioning
- Effective in dog training, dietary habits, and housetraining pets.
Mechanisms of Classical Conditioning
- Requires the pairing of two stimuli to form a learned response.
- Example of conditioning a dog to drool involves associating a bell sound with food and eventually removing the food while retaining the response to the bell.
Shaping Behavior Technique
- Rewarding behaviors that gradually approach the desired outcome is essential for effective behavior modification.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts in psychology, focusing on conditioning theories. This quiz covers classical and operant conditioning, along with essential terms like punishment, reinforcement, and shaping. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their understanding of behavioral psychology.
