Psychology Classical and Operant Conditioning

Questions and Answers

Who discovered classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

What is the definition of classical conditioning?

Relies on association between stimuli and response.

What happens during conditioned stimuli?

Bell makes dog salivate even when meat is not present.

Match the following stimuli with their definitions:

MEAT POWDER = Unconditioned Stimuli BELL = Neutral Stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is operant conditioning?

A process that attempts to modify behavior through the use of positive and negative reinforcement. Signup and view all the answers

Who is B.F. Skinner?

Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning. Signup and view all the answers

Thorndyke's Law of Effect states that behaviors that are reinforced will become more likely to occur.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning through experiments on dog digestion.
Classical conditioning involves creating an association between stimuli and a corresponding response.
Conditioned stimuli can evoke a learned response; for example, a bell can trigger salivation in dogs without the presence of food.
The meat powder serves as an unconditioned stimulus, while the bell is a neutral stimulus that becomes conditioned over time.

Operant Conditioning

Operant conditioning modifies behavior using positive and negative reinforcement.
It emphasizes the association between specific behaviors and their consequences.
B.F. Skinner, a prominent behaviorist, developed this theory and focused on observable behaviors rather than internal states.
Operant conditioning is also known as instrumental learning, linking behavior outcomes directly to the behavior.
The theory follows Thorndike's Law of Effect, which states that reinforced behaviors are more likely to be repeated in the future.

Description

Explore the concepts of classical and operant conditioning through the theories of Pavlov and Skinner. This quiz covers the foundational principles of behavior modification and stimulus-response associations. Test your understanding of these critical psychological concepts.