Psychology Chapter on Resilience and Development

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is pseudoscience primarily associated with?

Spread of misinformation (correct)

Evidence-based practices

Medical advancements

Scientific research

What role do early life stressors play in an individual's development?

They have no impact on future health.

They only affect physical attributes.

They are beneficial for mental health.

They shape the person you become. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the critical window in development?

It can lead to extreme detriment. (correct)

It is often related to prenatal exposure.

It may affect gene expression.

It is crucial for normal development.

What was the focus of the Dutch Hunger Winter Study?

Effect of maternal undernutrition on long-term health. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of being small at birth according to the notes?

Greater likelihood of developing coronary heart disease. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about toxic stress is true?

It can cause long-term health issues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the ACE study?

It emphasizes the importance of early intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What does gene regulation relate to in early life exposure?

Cell identity and environmental exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What role do assets play in an individual's resilience?

They are individualized coping skills and competence. Signup and view all the answers

How do protective factors affect negative outcomes?

They can weaken risks but do not eliminate them. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common barrier to expressing vulnerability?

Cultural stigmatization of vulnerability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of interventions aimed at cultivating resilience?

To identify what leads to breakdowns under stress. Signup and view all the answers

Why is vulnerability considered a strength in relationships?

It fosters trust and deeper connections. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a protective stabilizing factor?

Complete isolation from external support. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of courage primarily encompass?

Acting meaningfully despite vulnerability. Signup and view all the answers

What is a commonly recognized consequence of toxic masculinity on vulnerability?

Perception of vulnerability as weakness. Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the ability of the brain to adapt and form new connections?

Plasticity Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered a promotive factor that enhances positive development?

Access to quality education Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves actions that help mitigate stressors in individuals or communities?

Protective process Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon describes experiencing pain in a limb that has been amputated?

Phantom limb syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which mindset encourages acknowledging the possibility of change and improvement?

Growth mindset Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of neuroplasticity involves the birth of new neurons?

Neurogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an early life stressor that can contribute to mental health issues?

Positive family relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes resilience in the context of mental health?

The capacity to overcome negative effects of exposure to risks Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal amount of free time per day for subjective well-being?

2-5 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leisure activity is considered more beneficial for well-being?

Active leisure Signup and view all the answers

What does multitasking do to the quality of work and learning?

Decreases quality Signup and view all the answers

How does unequal access to time value affect individuals?

Socioeconomic factors can influence how time is utilized Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for fostering social connections?

Leisure time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sleep is true?

Sleep aids in memory consolidation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about laziness according to the content?

It can question arbitrary standards Signup and view all the answers

What is attention management primarily focused on?

Limiting distractions and optimizing productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time period for eating according to the circadian clock?

7 am to 7 pm Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential long-term consequence of shift work disorder?

Higher chances of dementia Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is increased due to sleep deprivation, leading to increased hunger?

Ghrelin Signup and view all the answers

At what age do females typically reach maximum lateness in their circadian rhythm?

19.5 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended treatment for jet lag?

Light exposure Signup and view all the answers

Which component of mindfulness does NOT include meditation?

Sitting in silence Signup and view all the answers

What role does the glymphatic system play during sleep?

Facilitates the removal of waste products Signup and view all the answers

What impact does sleeping in a warm environment have on sleep quality?

Decreases deep sleep Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary rationale for Jon Kabat Zinn's 1979 study?

To reduce stress and promote relaxation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices was included in the mindfulness-based stress reduction program?

Mindful eating Signup and view all the answers

What immediate results were observed after the 10-week mindfulness program?

Reductions in mood disturbance and psychiatric symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which brain regions are associated with the mechanisms of action in mindfulness practices?

Anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus Signup and view all the answers

What change occurs in the brain due to sleep, according to the content?

Activation of the glymphatic system for waste removal Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone levels are affected by sleep deprivation?

Increased ghrelin levels and decreased leptin levels Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable outcome related to happiness as mentioned in the content?

Higher test scores Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of happiness was emphasized in the content?

The impact of happiness on health Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pseudoscience and Self-Help

Scientific evidence is often skewed by social media misinformation.
Pseudoscience spreads misinformation through word of mouth.
The Dunning-Kruger Effect: those with less knowledge may overestimate their abilities.
Misinformation can lead to diseases and infections, particularly regarding vaccinations.

Early Life Inputs

Epigenetic patterns can impact gene expression beyond fixed DNA code.
Early life stressors, such as neglect, trauma, illness, and poverty, can affect an individual's development.

Early Development vs. Mental Wellbeing

Critical window for development: crucial for normal development, but not necessarily detrimental if damaged.
Prenatal exposure to trauma and infant emotional attachments to caregivers are significant factors.
Children who are small at birth face a higher risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes later in life.

Effects of Maternal Undernutrition (Dutch Famine)

Maternal undernutrition during the Dutch famine (1944-45) disproportionally affected chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases across generations.
The study emphasizes the significance of early intervention and support for children with histories of childhood adversity.

Mental Health and Mindset

A fixed mindset is rigid and resists change, hindering growth and adaptability.
A growth mindset embraces challenges and views self-improvement as possible.

Mindfulness and Stress Reduction

Mindfulness is not the same as meditation; it involves the practice of being mentally and physically present.
Mindfulness techniques like visualization, drawing, observing nature, journaling, and gratitude exercises are mentioned.
A 1979 seminal study by Jon Kabat Zinn used mindfulness meditation for chronic pain reduction.

Attention Management

Effective attention management focuses on doing tasks when motivated and avoids multitasking.
Procrastination is detrimental, focusing instead on progress.

Sleep Cycles and Circadian Rhythms

Sleep is important for memory consolidation, emotional regulation, and brain function.
The internal 24-hour clock, or circadian clock, is influenced by genetics, age, and environmental factors.
Sleep deprivation can impact physical and mental health.

Sleep Restoration and Repairs

Sleep is crucial for immune function, muscle and tissue repair, and brain detoxification.
Daylight savings can negatively affect pregnancy outcomes.

Heart Health

Attention, body awareness, emotional regulation, memory processes, inter-hemispheric communication, and structural changes (cortical thickness, grey matter volume, and brain regions like the hippocampus) are interconnected with heart health.

Happiness and Wellbeing

Factors like psychological wellbeing, life satisfaction, positive/negative emotions, health, time use, education, cultural diversity, community vitality, good governance, environment, and living standards influence happiness.
Happiness is associated with better physical and mental health.

Brain Sleep Detoxification

Glymphatic system removal of waste products occurs during sleep deprivation.
Sleep deprivation can impact cognitive functions and health.

Toxic Masculinity

Toxic masculinity is defined as the encouragement of traditional male behaviours, emotional suppression, and reluctance to show vulnerability.
Toxic masculinity arises early during adolescence.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz explores key concepts related to the impacts of early life experiences on psychological development and resilience. Questions cover important studies, theories, and characteristics that influence an individual's vulnerability and strength in relationships. Test your understanding of how external factors shape human behavior and development.