Psychology Chapter on Intelligence Testing

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Questions and Answers

How do we test intelligence?

By observing personal habits

Through standardized tests such as IQ tests (correct)

By measuring physical endurance

By evaluating emotional responses

Which of the following is NOT a type of psychological test?

Cognitive tests

Sensory tests (correct)

Achievement tests

Personality tests

What does the term 'standardization' refer to in psychological testing?

Administering the test in the same way to all participants (correct)

Making tests shorter

Using tests that require creative answers

Adjusting the test for each participant

Which of the following terms refers to a test's consistency over time?

Reliability Signup and view all the answers

What is a correlation coefficient?

A measure of the strength of a relationship between two variables Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of validity?

Internal Validity Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the first modern intelligence test?

Alfred Binet Signup and view all the answers

What was Francis Galton's approach to testing intelligence?

He believed intelligence was based on sensory abilities and reaction times Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Lewis Terman’s contribution to intelligence testing?

Created the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale Signup and view all the answers

What is an IQ score?

A ratio of mental age to chronological age Signup and view all the answers

What theory did Charles Spearman propose regarding intelligence?

There is one core intelligence factor (g-factor) Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the ability to reason quickly and abstractly, especially in novel situations?

Fluid Intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What does Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence focus on?

Practical, analytical, and creative intelligence Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is most associated with the theory of multiple intelligences?

Howard Gardner Signup and view all the answers

What does emotional intelligence refer to?

The ability to recognize and regulate emotions Signup and view all the answers

What does a normal distribution of IQ scores look like?

A bell-shaped curve Signup and view all the answers

What are the common categories of intellectual disability?

Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound Signup and view all the answers

What is a savant?

Someone who has an intellectual disability but possesses extraordinary abilities in a specific area Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes giftedness?

Exceptional talent in one or more areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the Flynn Effect?

The rise in IQ scores over time across generations Signup and view all the answers

What is stereotype vulnerability or stereotype threat?

A condition where people underperform due to anxiety about confirming stereotypes Signup and view all the answers

What is creativity in psychological terms?

The ability to generate novel and useful ideas Signup and view all the answers

What is one way we measure creativity?

Divergent thinking tests Signup and view all the answers

How does thinking differ for creative people compared to non-creative people?

Creative thinkers often engage in divergent thinking Signup and view all the answers

How do genetic and environmental factors influence intelligence?

Intelligence is influenced by a combination of genetic inheritance and environmental factors such as education and socio-economic status. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Intelligence Testing

Intelligence can be assessed through standardized tests like IQ tests rather than personal habits, emotional responses, or physical endurance.
IQ scores represent a ratio of mental age to chronological age, indicating cognitive abilities.

Psychological Tests

Types of psychological tests include personality tests, achievement tests, cognitive tests, but sensory tests are not considered a standard type.
"Standardization" involves administering tests uniformly to all participants to ensure fairness and consistency.

Test Properties

Reliability refers to a test's consistency over time, while validity measures the accuracy of what the test is intended to assess.
Correlation coefficients quantify the strength of the relationship between two variables.

Historical Contributions

Alfred Binet developed the first modern intelligence test, setting foundations for future assessments.
Francis Galton believed intelligence could be measured through sensory abilities and reaction times, influencing early theories.

Intelligence Theories

Lewis Terman contributed by creating the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, enhancing the IQ testing framework.
Charles Spearman proposed the g-factor theory, which posits a single core intelligence factor underlying diverse cognitive abilities.
Fluid intelligence involves the ability to reason quickly and adaptively, contrasting with crystallized intelligence, which relies on learned knowledge.

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner is recognized for the theory of multiple intelligences, expanding understanding beyond traditional IQ measures.
Sternberg's Triarchic Theory emphasizes practical, analytical, and creative intelligence components.

Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence encompasses the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions effectively, contrasting with traditional intelligence measures.

Assessment Trends

IQ scores typically follow a bell-shaped curve in a normal distribution.
Categories of intellectual disability include mild, moderate, severe, and profound.

Giftedness and Creativity

Giftedness is characterized by exceptional talents in one or more domains rather than just above-average intelligence.
The Flynn Effect signifies the increase in IQ scores across generations, prompting discussions on environmental influences on intelligence.

Stereotype Effects

Stereotype threat can cause individuals to perform poorly due to anxiety about conforming to negative stereotypes.

Understanding Creativity

Creativity is defined as the ability to produce novel and useful ideas, with diverging thinking tests commonly used to measure it.
Creative thinkers exhibit divergent thinking, allowing for innovative problem-solving, in contrast to linear and routine-focused approaches.

Genetic and Environmental Influences

Intelligence is shaped by both genetic predispositions and environmental factors, highlighting the interplay between nature and nurture.

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Description

This quiz focuses on key concepts of intelligence testing in psychology, including methods of assessment and types of psychological tests. Test your understanding of standardization and the various tests used to measure intelligence.