Questions and Answers
What is learning?
Learning is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.
What is classical conditioning?
Classical conditioning is learning to make an involuntary (reflex) response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex.
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to a reflex.
What is an unconditioned response?
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What is a conditioned stimulus?
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What is a conditioned response?
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What is a conditioned emotional response?
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What is operant conditioning?
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What does the Law of Effect state?
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What is positive reinforcement?
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What is negative reinforcement?
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What is punishment by application?
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What is punishment by removal?
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What is latent learning?
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What is observational learning?
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Study Notes
Learning Fundamentals
- Learning is a permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice.
Classical Conditioning
- Involves making an involuntary reflex response to a stimulus other than the original one.
Key Terms in Classical Conditioning
- Unconditioned Stimulus: A naturally occurring stimulus that elicits a reflex.
- Unconditioned Response: An involuntary reaction to an unconditioned stimulus.
Conditioned Responses
- Conditioned Stimulus: A stimulus that produces a learned reflex response after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
- Conditioned Response: A learned reflex response triggered by a conditioned stimulus.
- Conditioned Emotional Response: An emotional response that becomes conditioned to occur with learned stimuli.
Operant Conditioning
- Involves learning voluntary behaviors influenced by the consequences of actions.
The Law of Effect
- Actions followed by pleasurable consequences tend to be repeated, while those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to recur.
Reinforcement and Punishment
- Positive Reinforcement: Strengthening a response by adding a pleasurable stimulus.
- Negative Reinforcement: Strengthening a response by removing or avoiding an unpleasant stimulus.
- Punishment by Application: Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior.
- Punishment by Removal: Removing a pleasurable stimulus to reduce a behavior.
Complex Learning Concepts
- Latent Learning: Learning that is not immediately apparent and becomes evident when relevant to the situation.
- Observational Learning: Learning through observing others, storing the information, and later replicating the observed behaviors.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of learning through classical and operant conditioning in this psychology quiz. Understand key terms such as unconditioned stimulus, conditioned response, and the Law of Effect. Test your knowledge and reinforce your understanding of how behaviors are learned and modified.