Psychology Chapter 9: Episodic Memory Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is episodic memory?

Remembering specific personal experiences and contexts (correct)

A formal history of events

Knowledge not tied to specific experiences

A technique for memory testing

What is semantic memory?

Knowledge which is not tied to a specific personal experience

Who is Endel Tulving?

Scientist who distinguished episodic and semantic memories

What does thinking about episodic memories involve?

Remembering your history Signup and view all the answers

What is an autobiography?

People remembering their own experiences Signup and view all the answers

What is recognition in memory testing?

A protocol for testing memory where a subject identifies studied items Signup and view all the answers

What does familiarity refer to in memory contexts?

The sense of knowing that you have experienced a situation or stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What does recollection involve?

Remembering the circumstances and meanings of a personal experience Signup and view all the answers

What is the hippocampus crucial for?

Episodic Memories Signup and view all the answers

What is Dual Process Theory?

Familiarity and recollection as independent processes contributing to recognition memory Signup and view all the answers

How is familiarity learned?

Shallow encoding via perceptual learning Signup and view all the answers

How is recollection learned?

Deep encoding via associations, context, and source Signup and view all the answers

What are errors of eyewitness testimony?

Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

What is misattribution?

Unconscious transfer of some person or event from one experience to another Signup and view all the answers

What is suggestibility?

Weak memories can be influenced or generated by how a question is asked Signup and view all the answers

What is recognition a combination of?

Familiarity and recollection processes Signup and view all the answers

What are Receiver Operating Characteristics in memory testing?

A method to assess recognition by showing a list of words and asking for identification after a delay Signup and view all the answers

What are hits in ROC data?

Correct identifications of a word as seen before Signup and view all the answers

What are false alarms in ROC data?

Incorrect identification of a word as seen before Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Episodic Memory

Episodic Memory: Involves recalling specific personal experiences along with contextual details.
Semantic Memory: Represents knowledge that is not linked to particular personal experiences.
Endel Tulving: A prominent psychologist known for differentiating between episodic and semantic types of memory.

Memory Processes

Thinking about Episodic Memories: Involves reflecting on one's personal history.
Autobiography: An individual's recollection and representation of their own life experiences.

Recognition and Memory Assessment

Recognition: A memory testing method where an individual identifies previously studied items among new distractions.
Familiarity: The sensation of having encountered a stimulus before, without recalling specific details.
Recollection: The process of remembering specific circumstances and meanings associated with a personal experience.

Neuroanatomy of Memory

Hippocampus: Essential for the formation and retrieval of episodic memories.

Memory Retrieval Theories

Dual Process Theory: Suggests that recognition memory arises from two independent processes: familiarity and recollection.
Familiarity: Developed through shallow encoding, relying on perceptual learning.
Recollection: Involves deep encoding, utilizing associations, context, and source identification.

Eyewitness Testimony and Memory Errors

Errors of Eyewitness Testimony: Includes misattribution and suggestibility, which can impact eyewitness accuracy.
Misattribution: The erroneous linking of a person or event from one experience to another.
Suggestibility: The phenomenon where weak memories are influenced by the wording of questions asked.

Components of Recognition

Recognition: A blend of both familiarity and recollection processes impacting the identification of past experiences.

Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC)

ROC Methodology: Involves presenting a list of words followed by a test list that includes both new and old words; subjects indicate whether they recognize each word or not.
Hits: Accurate identification of previously seen words during recognition tests.
False Alarms: Incorrectly identifying new words as previously seen.

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Description

Test your knowledge of episodic memory concepts with these flashcards from Psychology Chapter 9. Explore key definitions and important figures, such as Endel Tulving, who contributed significantly to our understanding of memory types. Perfect for studying the differences between episodic and semantic memories.