Questions and Answers
What is Erikson's generativity versus stagnation stage?
The seventh stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development that occurs during middle adulthood, focusing on creating or nurturing things that will outlast the individual.
What are the Big 5 personality traits?
Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
What characterizes families with children in the family life cycle model?
Families are more likely to have vacations focusing on children and have less free time for friends.
What are the advantages of being single?
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Married people tend to be more ___ and ___ than their single counterparts.
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What effects does divorce have on women financially?
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Which of the following factors increase the likelihood of an individual remarrying? (Select all that apply)
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What is the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic benefits of employment?
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What is job segregation?
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What are the negative aspects of telecommuting? (Select all that apply)
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What emotional challenges do foster parents face?
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Study Notes
Generativity vs. Stagnation
- Seventh stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.
- Occurs during middle adulthood (ages 40 to 65).
- Generativity involves creating or nurturing things that will last beyond an individual, contributing to society through parenting, career, and community involvement.
- Successful navigation leads to feelings of usefulness; failure can cause stagnation, disconnection, and unproductiveness.
- Success in this stage cultivates the virtue of care.
Big 5 Personality Traits
- Openness to Experience: willingness to embrace new experiences.
- Conscientiousness: reliability and meeting deadlines, both personally and professionally.
- Extraversion: sociability and tendency to seek social stimulation.
- Agreeableness: nature of being supportive and caring.
- Neuroticism: susceptibility to negative emotions.
- Traits become more stable in adulthood; conscientiousness generally increases while neuroticism decreases, with a substantial genetic influence.
Family Life Cycle Model
- New Couple: focus on spending quality time together.
- Families with Children: prioritize children's activities, leading to less social time for parents.
- Families with Adolescents: increased desire for independence; potential conflicts arise.
- Midlife Families: transition to empty nest; parenting shifts to caring for aging parents.
- Later Life Families: health concerns and significant decision-making by adult children.
- Empty nest affects mothers and fathers differently; mothers may experience a loss of purpose while fathers often find renewed focus on their partners.
Being Single
- Most young adults are single; trends show men more likely to remain single than women.
- Single women often seek older, financially stable partners, contributing to higher rates of singlehood in African American populations.
- Advantages of being single include autonomy, job opportunities, and financial savings; disadvantages involve lower health and happiness compared to married individuals.
- Men typically have smaller social networks, whereas women tend to maintain larger support systems.
Benefits of Marriage
- Married individuals report higher levels of happiness, better health, and increased wealth.
- Marital satisfaction closely linked to the husband’s involvement in domestic responsibilities.
- Parenthood can negatively impact marital satisfaction if roles are unbalanced; some couples choose to delay or forgo having children.
Gender Roles in Relationships
- Similarities and differences in stability and support systems exist among heterosexual, gay, and lesbian relationships.
- Heterosexual couples may experience traditional roles, while same-sex couples often share responsibilities more equally.
Divorce Factors
- Empty nest can be positive for many couples, offering more personal time.
- Boomerang children returning home increases adjustments for parents; they are typically single males.
- Financial, emotional, and social impacts of divorce vary between genders, often disadvantaging women.
Remarriage Factors
- Men are more likely to remarry than women, with women over 55 being less likely to remarry.
- Factors influencing remarriage include age, gender, presence of children, and education level.
- Second marriages often have higher divorce rates but can offer improved satisfaction based on personal growth.
Relationship Concepts
- Social convoy: supportive social network that aids in personal well-being across the lifespan.
- Fictive kin: non-blood relationships treated as family, emphasizing strong community ties.
- Sandwich generation: adults balancing care for both children and aging parents; kinkeeping roles often fall to women.
Parenting and Marital Relationships
- New mothers often report dissatisfaction in marriages due to increased household responsibilities.
- Foster parents face unique challenges, including potential attachment issues.
- Stepparents and adoptive parents may encounter complex emotional dynamics in integrating into family structures.
Employment Benefits
- Extrinsic benefits include financial compensation, health insurance, and retirement plans.
- Intrinsic benefits encompass pride and self-esteem derived from job satisfaction.
- Trends affecting employment include increasing diversity, less job stability, and more flexible work schedules.
Gender Segregation in the Workplace
- Job segregation leads to disparity in pay, with men occupying higher-paying roles.
- Women typically earn approximately 81% of men's salaries for equivalent positions.
- Factors influencing the gender wage gap include occupational roles, family responsibilities, and societal biases.
Telecommuting
- Benefits include lower turnover rates and savings from commute time.
- Negative aspects: reduced interaction with colleagues and potential issues for individuals needing more supervision or support.
Gender Pay Gap Causes
- Women’s overrepresentation in lower-paying jobs contributes to income disparity.
- Time out of workforce for family responsibilities affects career advancement for women.
- Societal biases affect hiring and evaluation, leading to fewer promotional opportunities for women.
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Description
This quiz focuses on Erikson's stage of generativity versus stagnation, exploring its significance during middle adulthood. Participants will review key concepts related to how adults can cultivate generativity in their lives. Perfect for students studying psychology and human development.
