Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus during the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
What is the negative outcome if a child is overly controlled during the Autonomy vs. Shame stage?
What is the purpose developed during the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?
In the Industry vs. Inferiority stage, what is necessary for a child to feel industrious and confident?
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What is the stage of Ego Identity vs. Role Confusion associated with?
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What is the main challenge during the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?
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What is the central focus during the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage?
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What feeling results from failure to achieve in the Ego Integrity vs. Despair stage?
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What virtue is developed during the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
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What is the outcome when a child is encouraged during the Autonomy vs. Shame stage?
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What do children explore during the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?
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Study Notes
Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
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Trust vs. Mistrust
- Stage #1: Infancy (0 to 1.5 years)
- Central conflict: Infants seek stability and consistency from caregivers.
- Successful resolution leads to a sense of trust; failure results in mistrust.
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Autonomy vs. Shame
- Stage #2: Early Childhood (1.5 to 3 years)
- Focus on developing independence and self-assertion.
- Encouragement fosters autonomy; criticism leads to feelings of shame and inadequacy.
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Initiative vs. Guilt
- Stage #3: Play Age (3 to 5 years)
- Children explore interpersonal skills and assert leadership through initiatives.
- Successful initiation builds self-confidence; excessive control results in guilt and lack of initiative.
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Industry vs. Inferiority
- Stage #4: School Age (5 to 12 years)
- Competence and social interactions become crucial.
- Encouragement leads to industry and confidence; restrictive environments foster feelings of inferiority.
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Ego Identity vs. Role Confusion
- Stage #5: Adolescence (12 to 18 years)
- Focus on identity exploration, including sexual and occupational roles.
- Successful identity formation results in fidelity; failure leads to role confusion and identity crisis.
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Intimacy vs. Isolation
- Stage #6: Young Adults (18 to 40 years)
- Exploration of deeper relationships outside family.
- Success results in commitment and care; avoidance of intimacy can lead to isolation and depression.
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Generativity vs. Stagnation
- Stage #7: Adulthood (40 to 65 years)
- Establishing careers and families, contributing to society.
- Success leads to generativity and a sense of purpose; failure may result in stagnation and lack of productivity.
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Ego Integrity vs. Despair
- Stage #8: Maturity (65+ years)
- Reflection on life accomplishments and acceptance of mortality.
- Successful reflection leads to integrity and wisdom; failure results in despair and dissatisfaction with life.
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Description
Explore Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which outline the critical conflicts that shape human personality from infancy to school age. Each stage presents unique challenges and opportunities for personal growth and development. Test your understanding of the key concepts and implications of these stages in human development.
