Social Psychology Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following compliance techniques is correctly matched with its description?

Door-in-the-face technique

Low-ball technique

That's-not-all technique (correct)

Foot-in-the-door technique

What is the definition of compliance?

A change in behavior or attitudes in response to direct social pressure.

Who conducted classic experimental studies of conformity in the 1950s?

Solomon Asch

How can prejudice and discrimination be reduced?

By educating people about other groups. Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant finding in studies conducted by Asch on conformity?

Conformity is considerably higher when people must respond publicly Signup and view all the answers

What does prejudice refer to?

A negative (or positive) evaluation of a particular group and its members. Signup and view all the answers

What does discrimination refer to?

Behavior directed toward individuals based on their group membership. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true of a group?

A group consists of people who are interdependent. Signup and view all the answers

What is the foot-in-the-door technique?

A technique where a small request is made first to increase compliance with a larger request later. Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted the influential 'prison' study about social roles?

Philip Zimbardo Signup and view all the answers

Why does the foot-in-the-door technique work?

Involvement with the small request leads to an interest in the issue. Signup and view all the answers

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

An expectation about a future event that increases the likelihood of the event occurring. Signup and view all the answers

What is the door-in-the-face technique?

A technique where a large request is made first, followed by a smaller request. Signup and view all the answers

According to Asch's work on conformity, what reduces conformity pressures?

Having just one person present who shares the minority point of view. Signup and view all the answers

What are schemas?

Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What are dispositional causes?

Perceived causes of behavior based on internal traits or personality factors. Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the findings made by Asch on conformity?

Groups that unanimously support a position show the most pronounced conformity pressures. Signup and view all the answers

How quickly do people form impressions of others?

Very quickly, within a few seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is status in a group context?

The social rank held within a group. Signup and view all the answers

What concept does Juanita's example best illustrate?

Self-fulfilling prophecy. Signup and view all the answers

What would be a likely explanation for a poor grade if you are exhibiting the self-serving bias?

"The professor doesn't know how to teach." Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true of the fundamental attribution error?

It is more common in Western cultures. Signup and view all the answers

What were Milgram's participants told the study concerned?

Learning. Signup and view all the answers

What is correctly paired with the process it reflects?

Awareness of a negative view of one's group generates anxiety, which impairs performance - stereotype threat. Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the classic 'shock' study of obedience?

Stanley Milgram. Signup and view all the answers

What is Leon Festinger known for studying?

Cognitive dissonance. Signup and view all the answers

What bias is revealed in Shaun's justification of his anger?

Assumed-similarity bias. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Compliance Techniques

That's-not-all technique: Sales strategy where an inflated offer is followed by additional incentives to encourage purchase.
Foot-in-the-door technique: Compliance method starting with a small request that increases the likelihood of agreeing to a larger one later.
Door-in-the-face technique: Involves presenting a large request expected to be denied, followed by a smaller more reasonable request.

Compliance: Refers to behavioral or attitudinal changes prompted by direct social pressure.
Prejudice: Defined as a negative (or positive) evaluation of a particular group and its members.
Discrimination: Behavior directed toward individuals based on their group membership.

Conformity Studies

Significant studies on conformity were conducted by Solomon Asch in the 1950s, demonstrating public responses increase conformity.
Acknowledgement that having even one supporter of a minority opinion can significantly lower conformity pressures.
Groups showing unanimous support exert the highest conformity influence.

Group Dynamics

A group is characterized by interdependent individuals who rely on each other.
Status within a group refers to the social rank or position held by an individual.

Psychological Phenomena

Self-fulfilling prophecy: Expectations about future events impact behavior and can lead to the expected outcome, exemplified by Juanita's experience with mathematics.
Schemas: Sets of cognitions that shape perceptions of people and social situations.
Cognitive dissonance: Studied by Leon Festinger, this concept addresses the mental discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors.

Attribution and Biases

Dispositional causes attribute behavior to internal traits.
Fundamental attribution error: A tendency to emphasize personal characteristics in others while underestimating situational influences, more prevalent in Western cultures.
Self-serving bias: Individuals attribute their successes to personal factors and failures to external factors, as illustrated in exam performance.

The prison study by Philip Zimbardo explored the dynamics of power and influence associated with social roles.
Milgram's obedience study showcased how ordinary people could commit extreme acts when directed by authority, framed under the premise of studying learning.

Stereotypes and Performance

Stereotype threat: Awareness of negative stereotypes can generate anxiety and impair performance, reflecting the detrimental impact of societal perceptions.

Perception and Impressions

First impressions are formed quickly, typically within seconds, highlighting the rapid nature of social evaluation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of social psychology with these flashcards from Chapter 17. Explore various compliance techniques and definitions related to social influence. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of the material.

Psychology Chapter 17: Social Psychology Flashcards