Psychology Chapter 10 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is recognition?

Filling in memory gaps with fabricated details

Memory retrieval where a person identifies an object as familiar (correct)

Mental process of reconstructing previously learned material

Frameworks used to make sense of the world

What is recall?

Fading away of memory over time

Reconstructing previously learned material (correct)

Recognizing an object or situation as familiar

Ability to remember events with great accuracy

What are reconstructive processes?

The alteration of a recalled memory that may be simplified, enriched, or distorted.

What does confabulation refer to?

The act of filling in memory gaps with fabricated details. Signup and view all the answers

What are schemas?

Conceptual frameworks to make sense of the world Signup and view all the answers

What is eidetic memory?

The ability to remember visual information with great accuracy after short-term exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What does decay refer to in memory?

Fading away of memory over time. Signup and view all the answers

What is interference in the context of memory?

Blockage of a memory by previous or subsequent memories. Signup and view all the answers

What is elaborative rehearsal?

Linking new information to material that is already known. Signup and view all the answers

When you see a person and they seem familiar, what is this an example of?

Recognition Signup and view all the answers

When you remember a good moment from a vacation, what is this an example of?

Recall Signup and view all the answers

What is flashbulb memory?

Memory that usually involves shocking or emotional events. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three processes involved in forgetting?

Decay, interference, and repression. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of interference?

Proactive and Retroactive Signup and view all the answers

What is proactive interference?

Blocking of later memories by older memories. Signup and view all the answers

What is retroactive interference?

Blocking of an earlier memory by later memories. Signup and view all the answers

What is repression in memory?

Subconsciously blocking memories of embarrassing or frightening experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What is amnesia?

A loss of memory, which can be partial or complete. Signup and view all the answers

Relearning is an example of what?

Learning material all over again. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Recognition

Memory retrieval where one identifies an object or situation as familiar.
Ability to recognize previously experienced information.

Recall

Memory retrieval involving the reconstruction of learned material.
Mental process of accessing information from the past.

Reconstructive Processes

Alteration of recalled memories, which may be simplified or distorted.
Filling in gaps in memories based on individual experiences and inferences.

Confabulation

Filling in memory gaps by creating inaccurate details.
May lead to false information when reconstructing events.

Schemas

Conceptual frameworks used to interpret and organize information.
Shape expectations based on prior experiences and influence understanding.

Eidetic Memory

Ability to remember visual information with high accuracy after brief exposure.
Often referred to as photographic memory, recalling specific details.

Decay

Gradual fading of memories over time.
Particularly affects recent memories in short-term storage.

Interference

Occurs when previous or subsequent memories obstruct retrieval.
Can lead to forgetting due to competing information.

Elaborative Rehearsal

Linking new information to existing knowledge for improved memory recall.
Enhances retention by creating vivid associations.

Flashbulb Memory

Vivid and detailed memories of emotionally charged or shocking events.
Retains specific details about the circumstances surrounding the event.

State-dependent Learning

Easier recall of information when in the same psychological state as when learned.
Emotional or psychological consistency aids memory retrieval.

Relearning

Process of learning previously acquired information again.
Indicates retention of some prior knowledge despite forgetting.

Forgetting Processes

Involves decay, interference, and repression that affect memory retrieval.
Can result in loss of long-term memories.

Types of Interference

Proactive Interference: Older memories block the formation of new ones.
Retroactive Interference: New memories hinder the recollection of older ones.

Proactive Interference

Occurs when earlier learned information interferes with newer learning.
Example: Speaking Spanish in a French class due to prior knowledge.

Retroactive Interference

Occurs when new information impacts the retrieval of previously learned information.
Example: Difficulty remembering Spanish while learning French.

Repression

Subconscious process of blocking memories of distressing experiences.
Protects individuals from emotional pain associated with certain memories.

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Description

Test your understanding of key terms in psychology chapter 10, focusing on recognition, recall, and relearning. This set of flashcards is designed to help reinforce your memory and comprehension of these essential concepts.