Questions and Answers
What is recognition?
What is recall?
What are reconstructive processes?
The alteration of a recalled memory that may be simplified, enriched, or distorted.
What does confabulation refer to?
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What are schemas?
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What is eidetic memory?
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What does decay refer to in memory?
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What is interference in the context of memory?
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What is elaborative rehearsal?
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When you see a person and they seem familiar, what is this an example of?
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When you remember a good moment from a vacation, what is this an example of?
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What is flashbulb memory?
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What are the three processes involved in forgetting?
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What are the two types of interference?
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What is proactive interference?
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What is retroactive interference?
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What is repression in memory?
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What is amnesia?
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Relearning is an example of what?
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Study Notes
Recognition
- Memory retrieval where one identifies an object or situation as familiar.
- Ability to recognize previously experienced information.
Recall
- Memory retrieval involving the reconstruction of learned material.
- Mental process of accessing information from the past.
Reconstructive Processes
- Alteration of recalled memories, which may be simplified or distorted.
- Filling in gaps in memories based on individual experiences and inferences.
Confabulation
- Filling in memory gaps by creating inaccurate details.
- May lead to false information when reconstructing events.
Schemas
- Conceptual frameworks used to interpret and organize information.
- Shape expectations based on prior experiences and influence understanding.
Eidetic Memory
- Ability to remember visual information with high accuracy after brief exposure.
- Often referred to as photographic memory, recalling specific details.
Decay
- Gradual fading of memories over time.
- Particularly affects recent memories in short-term storage.
Interference
- Occurs when previous or subsequent memories obstruct retrieval.
- Can lead to forgetting due to competing information.
Elaborative Rehearsal
- Linking new information to existing knowledge for improved memory recall.
- Enhances retention by creating vivid associations.
Flashbulb Memory
- Vivid and detailed memories of emotionally charged or shocking events.
- Retains specific details about the circumstances surrounding the event.
State-dependent Learning
- Easier recall of information when in the same psychological state as when learned.
- Emotional or psychological consistency aids memory retrieval.
Relearning
- Process of learning previously acquired information again.
- Indicates retention of some prior knowledge despite forgetting.
Forgetting Processes
- Involves decay, interference, and repression that affect memory retrieval.
- Can result in loss of long-term memories.
Types of Interference
- Proactive Interference: Older memories block the formation of new ones.
- Retroactive Interference: New memories hinder the recollection of older ones.
Proactive Interference
- Occurs when earlier learned information interferes with newer learning.
- Example: Speaking Spanish in a French class due to prior knowledge.
Retroactive Interference
- Occurs when new information impacts the retrieval of previously learned information.
- Example: Difficulty remembering Spanish while learning French.
Repression
- Subconscious process of blocking memories of distressing experiences.
- Protects individuals from emotional pain associated with certain memories.
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Description
Test your understanding of key terms in psychology chapter 10, focusing on recognition, recall, and relearning. This set of flashcards is designed to help reinforce your memory and comprehension of these essential concepts.