Questions and Answers
In an experiment, what is the independent variable?
Deliberately manipulated by the researcher
Who is the formal beginning of psychology associated with?
Wilhelm Wundt
A double-blind procedure is to overcome __________.
experimenter expectations
The field of phrenology is associated with whom?
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The structuralist perspective was replaced by other views.
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A detailed explanation of the study and its procedures is a component of informed consent.
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What does Gestalt psychology emphasize?
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What are the three branches of the psychology family tree?
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What psychological perspective is Abraham Maslow associated with?
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Sigmund Freud is associated with which psychological perspective?
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What perspective is Karen Horney associated with?
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What psychological approach is Carl Rogers associated with?
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What psychological theory is Wilhelm Wundt related to?
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What is William James known for?
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What does structuralism focus on?
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What is the focus of functionalism?
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Gestalt psychology may be seen as a reaction to __________.
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What are theories in psychology?
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What are hypotheses in psychology?
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College students are representative of the population at large.
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What does experimental psychology study?
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Who believed that children were born with minds like 'blank slates'?
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What does clinical neuropsychology focus on?
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What is social psychology?
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'Tabula rasa' means:
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In order to study mind and behavior, psychologists rely on what?
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What is introspection?
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What is the order of events in an experiment?
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What is the emphasis of the humanistic perspective?
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What does neuroscience focus on?
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What is health psychology?
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Obfuscation is one of the goals of psychology.
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Who is associated with the behavioral perspective?
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What is the moral benefit of wisdom according to Proverbs?
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What does Proverbs warn against?
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According to Proverbs, what is the beginning of wisdom?
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What does Proverbs warn against enticement?
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Study Notes
Psychology Basics
- Independent variable in experiments is manipulated by the researcher.
- Wilhelm Wundt marks the formal beginning of psychology.
- Double-blind procedures help eliminate experimenter expectations.
Historical Perspectives
- Phrenology is linked to Franz Joseph Gall.
- Structuralism has been replaced by other theories, indicating evolution in psychology.
- Gestalt psychology emphasizes the organization of perception, reacting against structuralism.
Key Figures and Theories
- Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are pivotal to humanistic psychology.
- Sigmund Freud is associated with psychodynamic theory.
- William James introduced functionalism, focusing on the functions of mental activities.
Psychological Branches
- Main branches of psychology include evolutionary psychology, clinical neuropsychology, and counseling psychology.
- Experimental psychology studies processes like sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking.
- Social psychology investigates how individuals are influenced by others.
Core Concepts
- "Tabula rasa" translates to "blank slate," a concept proposed by John Locke regarding child development.
- Neuroscience examines behavior from biological perspectives, incorporating brain and nervous system functions.
- Health psychology investigates the link between psychological factors and physical health.
Research Methodology
- Psychologists employ the scientific method to study mind and behavior.
- Introspection involves participants describing their experiences when exposed to stimuli.
- The experiment flow follows informed consent, the experiment itself, and concludes with debriefing.
Psychological Constructs
- Theories provide broad explanations and predictions, whereas hypotheses are specific, testable predictions derived from theories.
- Emphasis in humanistic psychology lies in free will and personal growth.
- Clinical neuropsychology links psychological disorders to biological origins.
Moral and Ethical Considerations
- Proverbs highlight moral wisdom and warnings against rejecting wisdom and enticements, pointing to insights on the value of wisdom.
- Fear of the Lord is depicted as the foundation of wisdom in Proverbs.
Miscellaneous
- College students do not represent the wider population.
- Obfuscation is not a goal of psychology; clarity and understanding are paramount.
- B.F. Skinner is renowned for his contributions to the behavioral perspective.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 1 of psychology. This quiz covers essential terms and definitions, including independent variables, the origins of psychology, and various research methodologies. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of foundational psychological principles.
