Psychology Chapter 1: Introduction to Industrial and Organisational Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Psychological Society of South Africa (PsySSA)?

To register psychologists with the PBP.

To represent the interests of all psychology disciplines. (correct)

To provide training to I-O psychologists.

To develop policies for psychology education.

What is the name of the society that represents the interests of Industrial and Organisational Psychology in South Africa?

OFO

PBP

SIOPSA (correct)

PsySSA

What is the primary objective of the practice field of I-O psychologists?

To provide training to I-O psychologists.

To develop policies for psychology education.

To facilitate optimal performance and wellness in individual employees, groups and organisations. (correct)

To study work behaviour and organisational structure.

What is the term used to describe the application of psychological principles and methods to study work behaviour, working conditions and organisational structure?

The OFO Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the tasks and roles of I-O psychologists?

Facilitating optimal performance and wellness in individual employees. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the board that registers psychologists in South Africa?

PBP Signup and view all the answers

What are the expert skills and tasks of I-O psychologists?

The application of psychological principles to the behaviour of well-adjusted individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What determines the tasks and roles of I-O psychologists?

Their field of specialisation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an I-O psychologist and an HR practitioner?

I-O psychologists are professional psychologists, whereas HR practitioners are not Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of Covid-19 and 4IR on the job and career opportunities in I-O psychology?

It has made the job market for I-O psychologists uncertain Signup and view all the answers

What is the criticism of psychology training syllabi in South Africa?

They are not sufficiently indigenised, Africanised, and decolonised Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of a psychology based on valuable existing theory, research, and practices in South Africa?

To serve all people of South Africa Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany?

Wilhelm Wundt Signup and view all the answers

What is Taylorism criticised for?

Ignoring human social needs and exploiting employees Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary emphasis of psychology in terms of unit of study?

Individual behaviour Signup and view all the answers

What determines the level and type of jobs for an I-O psychologist or HR practitioner?

The level of qualification and professional registration Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of I-O psychologists in contributing to growth and stability in South Africa?

Through change management and skills development Signup and view all the answers

What is the governing body for psychology in South Africa?

Professional Board for Psychology (PBP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ongoing theme in psychology regarding the influence of human behaviour?

Nature (genetic) versus nurture (environmental) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of industrial and organisational psychology?

To facilitate human behaviour in the work context Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of psychology in improving social and economic conditions?

It plays a role in improving social and economic conditions of people Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is used to build theories and knowledge in psychology?

Basic research Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of industrial and organisational psychology in terms of cultural diversity?

Cultural diversity of employees in the workplace Signup and view all the answers

What is the training model used by registered psychologists and I-O psychologists?

Scientist-practitioner model Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

Rapid and ongoing advances in technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of human resources in organisations?

They are the most important of all organisational resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the concept of work?

Many aspects of the science of work will need to be redefined Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the integration of virtual and physical systems in the workplace?

Industry 4.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the need to redefine the concept of work in the 2020s?

The rapid and ongoing advances in technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

It is a key component of the digitalisation of work Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge facing Industrial and Organisational (I-O) psychology in South Africa?

The need to indigenise psychology in South Africa Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Industrial and Organisational (I-O) psychology?

The study of human behaviour in the workplace Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Walter Dill Scott's publication in 1903?

Advertising Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant outcome of the Hawthorne experiments?

Employee performance is influenced by multiple factors, including individual differences and social factors Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant contribution of Simon Biesheuvel during World War II?

Start of an aptitude testing section in the South African Air Force Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of the period from 1950s to 1970s in I-O psychology?

Specialization of industrial side of work psychology Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant development in I-O psychology during the 1970s?

Inclusion of culture and cross-cultural research in I-O psychology literature Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of I-O psychology as a science and practice field after 1990?

More integrated, multi-disciplinary and multi-cultured Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of digitalisation and Covid-19 on I-O psychology?

The nature of work and doing business will change significantly Signup and view all the answers

When was the Department of Industrial Psychology established in South Africa?

1963 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Psychology and Industrial and Organisational Psychology

Psychology is the scientific study of human behaviour in various domains and contexts, focusing on individual behaviour, but also considering social and group contexts.
The field of psychology includes subfields such as biological, cognitive, emotional, social, spiritual, moral, and work behaviour.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)

The 4IR is characterised by rapid and ongoing advances in technology, including digitalisation, artificial intelligence, robotics, 3D printing, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
The 4IR is expected to change the nature of work and doing business.

Industrial and Organisational Psychology

Industrial and organisational psychology is an applied subfield of psychology that uses scientific psychological knowledge to study and facilitate human behaviour in the work context.
I-O psychologists focus on the cultural diversity of employees and how I-O psychology can be applicable to diverse cultural needs in the workplace.
I-O psychology provides a wide range of career possibilities.

Career Possibilities in I-O Psychology

I-O psychologists can contribute to growth and stability in various fields, such as change management and skills development.
Job and career opportunities in I-O psychology depend on the level of qualification, professional registration, and expertise.

History of I-O Psychology

Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.
The period between the two World Wars was important for the establishment of I-O psychology, especially in assessment, selection, placement, training, and research of soldiers.
During WWII, I-O psychology was firmly established, especially in areas such as ergonomics.
The late 1950s to 1970s were considered a specialisation period for I-O psychology, with the establishment of separate departments and fusion between disciplines.

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Description

This quiz covers the introduction to psychology and industrial and organisational psychology, including the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and virtual working in South Africa.