Psychology Chapter 1: Introduction to Industrial and Organisational Psychology
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Psychological Society of South Africa (PsySSA)?

  • To register psychologists with the PBP.
  • To represent the interests of all psychology disciplines. (correct)
  • To provide training to I-O psychologists.
  • To develop policies for psychology education.
  • What is the name of the society that represents the interests of Industrial and Organisational Psychology in South Africa?

  • OFO
  • PBP
  • SIOPSA (correct)
  • PsySSA
  • What is the primary objective of the practice field of I-O psychologists?

  • To provide training to I-O psychologists.
  • To develop policies for psychology education.
  • To facilitate optimal performance and wellness in individual employees, groups and organisations. (correct)
  • To study work behaviour and organisational structure.
  • What is the term used to describe the application of psychological principles and methods to study work behaviour, working conditions and organisational structure?

    <p>The OFO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the tasks and roles of I-O psychologists?

    <p>Facilitating optimal performance and wellness in individual employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the board that registers psychologists in South Africa?

    <p>PBP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the expert skills and tasks of I-O psychologists?

    <p>The application of psychological principles to the behaviour of well-adjusted individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the tasks and roles of I-O psychologists?

    <p>Their field of specialisation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between an I-O psychologist and an HR practitioner?

    <p>I-O psychologists are professional psychologists, whereas HR practitioners are not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of Covid-19 and 4IR on the job and career opportunities in I-O psychology?

    <p>It has made the job market for I-O psychologists uncertain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criticism of psychology training syllabi in South Africa?

    <p>They are not sufficiently indigenised, Africanised, and decolonised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of a psychology based on valuable existing theory, research, and practices in South Africa?

    <p>To serve all people of South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany?

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Taylorism criticised for?

    <p>Ignoring human social needs and exploiting employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of psychology in terms of unit of study?

    <p>Individual behaviour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the level and type of jobs for an I-O psychologist or HR practitioner?

    <p>The level of qualification and professional registration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of I-O psychologists in contributing to growth and stability in South Africa?

    <p>Through change management and skills development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the governing body for psychology in South Africa?

    <p>Professional Board for Psychology (PBP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ongoing theme in psychology regarding the influence of human behaviour?

    <p>Nature (genetic) versus nurture (environmental)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of industrial and organisational psychology?

    <p>To facilitate human behaviour in the work context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of psychology in improving social and economic conditions?

    <p>It plays a role in improving social and economic conditions of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research is used to build theories and knowledge in psychology?

    <p>Basic research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of industrial and organisational psychology in terms of cultural diversity?

    <p>Cultural diversity of employees in the workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the training model used by registered psychologists and I-O psychologists?

    <p>Scientist-practitioner model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Rapid and ongoing advances in technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of human resources in organisations?

    <p>They are the most important of all organisational resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main implication of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the concept of work?

    <p>Many aspects of the science of work will need to be redefined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the integration of virtual and physical systems in the workplace?

    <p>Industry 4.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the need to redefine the concept of work in the 2020s?

    <p>The rapid and ongoing advances in technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

    <p>It is a key component of the digitalisation of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge facing Industrial and Organisational (I-O) psychology in South Africa?

    <p>The need to indigenise psychology in South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Industrial and Organisational (I-O) psychology?

    <p>The study of human behaviour in the workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of Walter Dill Scott's publication in 1903?

    <p>Advertising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant outcome of the Hawthorne experiments?

    <p>Employee performance is influenced by multiple factors, including individual differences and social factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant contribution of Simon Biesheuvel during World War II?

    <p>Start of an aptitude testing section in the South African Air Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the characteristic of the period from 1950s to 1970s in I-O psychology?

    <p>Specialization of industrial side of work psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant development in I-O psychology during the 1970s?

    <p>Inclusion of culture and cross-cultural research in I-O psychology literature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of I-O psychology as a science and practice field after 1990?

    <p>More integrated, multi-disciplinary and multi-cultured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of digitalisation and Covid-19 on I-O psychology?

    <p>The nature of work and doing business will change significantly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Department of Industrial Psychology established in South Africa?

    <p>1963</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Psychology and Industrial and Organisational Psychology

    • Psychology is the scientific study of human behaviour in various domains and contexts, focusing on individual behaviour, but also considering social and group contexts.
    • The field of psychology includes subfields such as biological, cognitive, emotional, social, spiritual, moral, and work behaviour.

    The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)

    • The 4IR is characterised by rapid and ongoing advances in technology, including digitalisation, artificial intelligence, robotics, 3D printing, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
    • The 4IR is expected to change the nature of work and doing business.

    Industrial and Organisational Psychology

    • Industrial and organisational psychology is an applied subfield of psychology that uses scientific psychological knowledge to study and facilitate human behaviour in the work context.
    • I-O psychologists focus on the cultural diversity of employees and how I-O psychology can be applicable to diverse cultural needs in the workplace.
    • I-O psychology provides a wide range of career possibilities.

    Career Possibilities in I-O Psychology

    • I-O psychologists can contribute to growth and stability in various fields, such as change management and skills development.
    • Job and career opportunities in I-O psychology depend on the level of qualification, professional registration, and expertise.

    History of I-O Psychology

    • Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.
    • The period between the two World Wars was important for the establishment of I-O psychology, especially in assessment, selection, placement, training, and research of soldiers.
    • During WWII, I-O psychology was firmly established, especially in areas such as ergonomics.
    • The late 1950s to 1970s were considered a specialisation period for I-O psychology, with the establishment of separate departments and fusion between disciplines.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the introduction to psychology and industrial and organisational psychology, including the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and virtual working in South Africa.

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