Psychology Chapter 1 Quiz and Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes?

Psychology

Critical thinking is a(n) _____ process that involves engaging with ideas and not settling for simple answers.

active

Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior.

True

Structuralism is the name of the approach to psychology endorsed by Wilhelm Wundt.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are NOT among the contemporary approaches to psychology? (Select all that apply)

Exploratory Signup and view all the answers

Psychologists study _____

behavior and mental processes Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to psychology emphasizes the role of physical processes such as brain and nervous system functioning?

biological Signup and view all the answers

Critical thinking is the practice of evaluating _____

evidence Signup and view all the answers

A behaviorist might study _____

learning through environmental determinants Signup and view all the answers

Psychology is best characterized as _____

a general science practiced in several environments Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective emphasizes unconscious thought, the conflict between biological drives and society's demands, and early family experiences?

psychodynamic approach Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to psychology did Wilhelm Wundt endorse?

structuralism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are among the contemporary approaches to psychological science? (Select all that apply)

Sociocultural Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective emphasizes a person's positive qualities, capability for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny?

humanistic approach Signup and view all the answers

The biological approach to psychology focuses on the brain and nervous system.

True Signup and view all the answers

The behavioral perspective suggests that _____

observable, measurable behavior should be the focus of study Signup and view all the answers

The ______ approach focuses on the mental processes involved in knowing how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems.

cognitive Signup and view all the answers

What approach is practiced by a psychologist who believes that the way people think, feel, and behave are influenced by sexual and aggressive impulses that are buried deep within the unconscious mind?

psychodynamic approach Signup and view all the answers

The evolutionary approach uses evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors.

True Signup and view all the answers

Structuralism is a nineteenth-century school of psychology that argued that breaking down mental processes into elemental parts offers the best way to understand thought and behavior.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective examines the ways in which the social and cultural environments influence behavior?

Sociocultural approach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are significant ingredients in producing behavior, according to the biopsychosocial approach? (Select all that apply)

Psychological factors Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective focuses on the mental processes involved in knowing—that is, how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems?

cognitive approach Signup and view all the answers

The steps in the scientific method do NOT include:

Preparing meta-analyses Signup and view all the answers

Which is the psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors?

evolutionary approach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are types of psychological research? (Select all that apply)

Descriptive Signup and view all the answers

Research serves the purpose of determining the basic dimensions of a phenomenon and defining what it is or how often it occurs, but it cannot provide causal information.

Descriptive Signup and view all the answers

The biopsychosocial perspective on human behavior asserts that biological, psychological, and social factors are all significant ingredients in producing behavior.

True Signup and view all the answers

Research that involves determining the relationship between variables and whose purpose is to examine whether and how two variables change together is called correlational research.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Psychology

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
It encompasses both human behavior and mental activities.

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is an active process involving engagement with ideas and a quest for deeper understanding, avoiding simple answers.
Evaluation of evidence is a key component of critical thinking.

Historical Approaches to Psychology

Wilhelm Wundt is known for endorsing structuralism, which breaks down mental processes into elemental parts for better understanding.
Structuralism is a 19th-century approach to psychology.

Contemporary Approaches to Psychology

Key contemporary approaches include:
- Humanistic
- Sociocultural
- Behavioral
- Cognitive
The psychodynamic approach emphasizes unconscious thought processes, conflicts between biological drives and societal demands, and early family experiences.
The biological approach focuses on physical processes such as brain and nervous system.

Behavioral and Cognitive Perspectives

The behavioral perspective concentrates on observable and measurable behavior.
The cognitive approach examines mental processes involved in attention, perception, memory, thinking, and problem-solving.

Evolutionary and Sociocultural Perspectives

The evolutionary approach explains human behavior through concepts like adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection.
The sociocultural approach investigates how social and cultural environments influence behavior.

Research Methods in Psychology

Types of psychological research include:
- Descriptive research: determines basic dimensions and frequency of phenomena without providing causal information.
- Correlational research: examines relationships between variables and how they change together.
- Experimental research: includes causal investigations.
The scientific method excludes preparing meta-analyses from its steps.

Biopsychosocial Perspective

The biopsychosocial approach posits that biological, psychological, and social factors are all important in producing behavior.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 1 of Psychology. Each card explores key terminology and concepts that are foundational to understanding psychological principles. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their grasp on the subject.

Psychology Chapter 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes?

Critical thinking is a(n) _____ process that involves engaging with ideas and not settling for simple answers.

Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior.

Structuralism is the name of the approach to psychology endorsed by Wilhelm Wundt.

Which of the following are NOT among the contemporary approaches to psychology? (Select all that apply)

Psychologists study _____

Which approach to psychology emphasizes the role of physical processes such as brain and nervous system functioning?

Critical thinking is the practice of evaluating _____

A behaviorist might study _____

Psychology is best characterized as _____

Which psychological perspective emphasizes unconscious thought, the conflict between biological drives and society's demands, and early family experiences?

Which approach to psychology did Wilhelm Wundt endorse?

Which of the following are among the contemporary approaches to psychological science? (Select all that apply)

Which psychological perspective emphasizes a person's positive qualities, capability for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny?

The biological approach to psychology focuses on the brain and nervous system.

The behavioral perspective suggests that _____

The ______ approach focuses on the mental processes involved in knowing how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems.

What approach is practiced by a psychologist who believes that the way people think, feel, and behave are influenced by sexual and aggressive impulses that are buried deep within the unconscious mind?

The evolutionary approach uses evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors.

Structuralism is a nineteenth-century school of psychology that argued that breaking down mental processes into elemental parts offers the best way to understand thought and behavior.

Which psychological perspective examines the ways in which the social and cultural environments influence behavior?

Which of the following are significant ingredients in producing behavior, according to the biopsychosocial approach? (Select all that apply)

Which psychological perspective focuses on the mental processes involved in knowing—that is, how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems?

The steps in the scientific method do NOT include:

Which is the psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors?

Which of the following are types of psychological research? (Select all that apply)

Research serves the purpose of determining the basic dimensions of a phenomenon and defining what it is or how often it occurs, but it cannot provide causal information.

The biopsychosocial perspective on human behavior asserts that biological, psychological, and social factors are all significant ingredients in producing behavior.

Research that involves determining the relationship between variables and whose purpose is to examine whether and how two variables change together is called correlational research.

Study Notes

Introduction to Psychology

Critical Thinking

Historical Approaches to Psychology

Contemporary Approaches to Psychology

Behavioral and Cognitive Perspectives

Evolutionary and Sociocultural Perspectives

Research Methods in Psychology

Biopsychosocial Perspective

Studying That Suits You

Description

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