Questions and Answers
What does social psychology focus on?
Situational factors
Collectivistic cultures would be more likely to understand which factors when analyzing behavior?
What is it called when individuals make internal attributions for successes and external attributions for failures?
Self-serving bias
According to the actor-observer bias, we have more information about what?
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What is the fundamental attribution error demonstrated in Regina's remark about Anthony?
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What error did Sally's teacher make when concluding about Sally's motivation?
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What bias does Richard exemplify when explaining his sales performance?
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What assumption did Peter make about his instructor?
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What bias is illustrated by Jeremy's conclusions about his grades?
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How did the Westlake Hills coach explain the loss in the second game?
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What is a set of group expectations for appropriate behavior called?
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What motivates teenagers to follow social norms when buying clothes?
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What is Jose's behavior during soccer practice an example of?
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What example of a concept was demonstrated in the Stanford prison experiment?
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What type of factors explain why people may be in poverty?
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Who conducted the famous Stanford prison experiment?
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What impact do social roles have, as shown in the Stanford prison experiment?
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What bias is illustrated by Catherine's acceptance of credit for her successes but not her failures?
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What concept is demonstrated by Matt's neighbor's statement about unemployed people?
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What does Lionel follow when visiting a new church for the first time?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts in Social Psychology
- Social psychology studies human behavior and how situational factors influence it.
- Collectivistic cultures focus on situational factors, while individualistic cultures emphasize dispositional factors.
Attribution Theories
- Self-serving bias: Individuals attribute successes to internal factors (personal ability) and failures to external factors (bad luck).
- Actor-observer bias: People have more insight into their own behavioral influences compared to others.
Fundamental Attribution Error
- Making assumptions about others based on their behavior without considering situational influences exemplifies this error.
- Examples include Regina's comment on Anthony's character post-accident and the teacher's judgment of Sally's motivation.
Illustrations of Biases
- Richard’s explanation of his sales performance showcases self-serving bias by taking credit for successes and blaming external factors for failures.
- Peter misjudges his instructor's temperament due to lack of knowledge about her bad day, exemplifying fundamental attribution error.
- Jeremy’s contrasting interpretations of his performance in different subjects highlight self-serving bias.
Social Norms and Scripts
- Social norm: Collective expectations for appropriate behavior within a group.
- Teenagers often conform to social norms for fitting in, such as when shopping for clothes.
- A script guides expected behavior in specific contexts, as demonstrated by Jose's actions at soccer practice.
Influence of Social Roles
- The Stanford prison experiment, led by Zimbardo, displays how social roles significantly affect behavior, showcasing the power dynamics involved.
Situational Factors in Poverty
- High unemployment, family background, and lack of opportunities are critical situational factors contributing to poverty, rather than personal failings.
Self-serving Bias in Varied Contexts
- Catherine’s behavior during contract negotiations illustrates self-serving bias by accepting credit for her achievements yet blaming others for failures.
Misjudgments in Social Contexts
- Neighbor’s comment about Matt shows the fundamental attribution error by attributing his unemployment to personal shortcomings rather than situational circumstances.
Understanding Contextual Behavior
- Individuals follow familiar sequences of actions or expected behaviors in new environments, known as a script, as evidenced by Lionel’s experience at a new church.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in social psychology, including terms related to situational and dispositional factors in behavior analysis. Test your knowledge on how different cultures interpret behavior and attribution. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of social psychology.
