Psychology and Ethics in Research

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of basic research?

To address specific societal issues

To enhance general knowledge (correct)

To apply theories to solve real-world problems

To combine various research methodologies

Which type of research specifically seeks to bridge basic and applied research?

Qualitative research

Translational research (correct)

Basic research

Quantitative research

Which of the following best describes applied research?

Primarily uses qualitative methods to derive conclusions

Concentrated on enhancing scientific knowledge without practical application

Aimed at solving specific problems in real-world contexts (correct)

Focused solely on understanding the fundamental theories behind phenomena

In evaluating media claims, which component assesses the ethical considerations of a study?

Responsibility Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does 'internal validity' refer to in the context of research design?

The extent to which a study can establish causality Signup and view all the answers

Which principle evaluates whether the constructs of interest are being measured accurately?

Construct validity Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'external validity' refer to in research?

The generalizability of the sample to the broader population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following claims could be considered problematic if not properly validated?

Cellphone use may be causing young adults to grow horns on skulls Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym W.E.I.R.D. stand for in the context of psychological science?

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of external validity refer to in psychological research?

The generalizability of research findings beyond the specific study context Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the Indigenous values frameworks for research?

Reward Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Two-Eyed Seeing' refer to in the context of research?

Combining Indigenous and Western ways of knowing Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical concern has historically been associated with psychological research?

Abuses of trust and lack of oversight in research methodology Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of the psychology department related to scientific inquiry?

To understand behavior and mind through scientific investigation Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a potential outcome of studying psychological science?

A deeper understanding of individual and collective behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes the importance of building honest and responsible relationships in research with communities?

Responsibility Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cautions about Psychological Science

Psychological research has historically focused on W.E.I.R.D. populations (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic), neglecting non-Western perspectives and potentially limiting generalizability.
External validity - Research is limited by the participants and contexts in which data is collected.
Psychological science has a history of ethical abuses
Indigenous Values Framework for Research
- Reciprocity to ensure mutual benefit from research findings
- Responsibility to work in partnership with communities
- Relevance across cultures and languages
- Respect for individuals' autonomy, rights, and dignity
Two-Eyed Seeing - Looking at research findings from both Indigenous and Western ways of knowing.

Psychology and Science

Psychology is the science of understanding behavior and the mind according to the textbook.
Basic Research aims to enhance general knowledge and understanding of fundamental concepts.
Applied Research focuses on solving real-world problems.
Translational research bridges the gap between basic and applied research by utilizing theoretical frameworks to address real-world issues.

Evaluating Media Claims and Research

Principles of Psychological Science: A framework for evaluating media claims and research:
- Purpose: What is the claim about, and why is it important?
- Method: Is the research approach suitable for testing the claim?
- Evidence: Does the evidence support the claim?
- Transparency: Are ethical considerations addressed, and are societal standards followed?
  - Population: Who is the claim about, and in what context?
  - Sample: Who is being studied, and in what context?
  - External validity: Is the sample generalizable?
  - Justice: Who is included or excluded, and why?
  - Constructs: What are the key concepts being explored?
  - Variables: What is being measured or manipulated?
  - Construct Validity: Are the chosen variables accurately measuring or manipulating the concepts of interest?
  - Concern: What are the potential benefits and harms?
  - Causality: How are the constructs causally related?
  - Design: How is causality being examined?
  - Internal Validity: Can the research design establish causality?
  - Respect: Were informed consent, freedom, and autonomy ensured?
  - Hypothesis: What outcome would support the claim?
  - Results: What size of effect was observed?
  - Statistical Validity: Do the data support the conclusions drawn?
  - Integrity: …

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Description

Explore the considerations around psychological research, focusing on W.E.I.R.D. populations and the ethical challenges faced within the field. Learn about the importance of Indigenous perspectives and frameworks, including Two-Eyed Seeing, to enhance the understanding and relevance of psychological science across cultures.