Factors Affecting Ethical Research Quiz

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What is the process of translating basic research into something usable called?

Research Trinity

Knowledge Translation/Mobilization (correct)

Clinical Research

Conclusion Validity

Which component of the Research Trinity involves the process of determining constructs and operational definitions?

Analysis

External Validity

Design

Measurement (correct)

What skill or knowledge is passed down over time as a source of knowledge?

Deductive & Inductive Reasoning

Scientific Research

Trial & Error

Tradition (correct)

What is the extent to which research findings can be generalized to other contexts called?

External Validity Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following represents the three essential components of research, as mentioned in the text?

Design, Measurement, Analysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of study selects groups of individuals based on the presence or absence of a particular condition or outcome?

Case-control Study Signup and view all the answers

In a regression analysis, which statistical method predicts an outcome based on a single variable?

Simple Correlation Signup and view all the answers

In research, which term refers to the person who does not have a certain condition in a case-control study?

Control Signup and view all the answers

What is the statistical method used to predict an outcome based on two or more variables?

Multiple Regression Signup and view all the answers

After seeing a scary movie and wanting to test how it influences feelings towards others empirically, what is the best option?

Conduct an Experimental Research Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of relying on authority for knowledge?

It may lack detailed knowledge within a specific realm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main problem associated with the law of small numbers?

It causes overlook of unusual outliers Signup and view all the answers

Which research method focuses on describing unique conditions or interventions on a single individual or case?

Case study Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between quantitative and qualitative research?

Quantitative research measures outcomes using numerical data, while qualitative research derives conclusions from open-ended data Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research is aimed at solving real-world problems and has direct practical application?

Applied research Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics of good hypotheses is important for minimizing our natural flaws in thinking?

Falsifiability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

Vagueness Signup and view all the answers

What was João's strategy for developing a good hypothesis?

Introspection Signup and view all the answers

How do you define variables and constants in the hypothesis?

Utilizing a conceptual and operational definition Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors or elements that you expect to change, vary, or have several different values?

Independent variables Signup and view all the answers

What type of article is Aadyasha likely to have found when conducting a literature search on parenting behaviors between Canada and Bangladesh?

A meta-analysis Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of science is Ruby displaying when she demands to see the latest safety report for a particular model of car?

Skepticism Signup and view all the answers

Which two flaws in thinking (in order) are the students expressing when they mistakenly believe they are doing better than other students in the course and that they will have no problem catching up if they fall behind?

Better-than-average effect; overconfidence Signup and view all the answers

What type of skills will be most important for determining the superior treatment between Treatment A and Treatment B for clients with eating disorders?

Analytical skills Signup and view all the answers

In conducting a literature search on cross-cultural parenting, what type of article has Aadyasha likely found if it uses statistics to compare and combine the results of several different studies?

A meta-analysis Signup and view all the answers

In non-experimental designs, what does the data collected tell you about the variables?

What happens to one variable when the other variable changes Signup and view all the answers

When assessing the salaries of professional athletes, which statistic can be used?

All of the options can be used Signup and view all the answers

When focused on the design aspect of the research process, what is addressed?

Internal validity of the study is addressed Signup and view all the answers

What do 'error bars' around circular symbols on a graph represent?

The standard deviation in the sample data Signup and view all the answers

What is obtaining valid information through the research process dependent upon?

Incorporating a balance of inductive and deductive reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 P's to ethics in an organization?

Policy, Procedure, Practice Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Human Subjects Committee in ethical research?

To protect the rights of human participants from harm Signup and view all the answers

Which level of REB review is applicable when the research poses minimal risk typically encountered in daily life?

Expedited Signup and view all the answers

According to the Nuremberg Code, what is the first provision for approval of research?

Capacity to consent Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized by the Declaration of Helsinki in relation to research protocols?

Independently reviewing research protocols Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Belmont Report's 'Respect for Persons' principle?

To treat research participants with respect and autonomy Signup and view all the answers

In the context of research ethics, what does 'anonymity' refer to?

Preventing individual responses from being linked to personal identities Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of 'Beneficence' emphasize in research?

Acting with the purpose of benefiting others Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Massaging the Data' in the context of ethical treatment of data?

Manipulating data for statistical significance Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of the Tuskegee (AL) Syphilis Study as mentioned in the text?

To observe the progression of untreated syphilis Signup and view all the answers