Psychology 311 - Advanced Research Methods
48 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason psychology relies on science?

  • Intuition about human behavior is usually accurate.
  • People's intuition about human behavior is often wrong. (correct)
  • Psychology does not require empirical evidence.
  • Common sense is sufficient for understanding behavior.

    • Why is knowledge of research methods important in psychology?

  • It only benefits researchers working in laboratories.
  • It is not considered necessary in psychology.
  • It is only relevant for clinical psychologists.
  • It helps to inform and critically evaluate information. (correct)

    • What does systematic empiricism involve in scientific studies?

  • Ignoring observations to draw conclusions.
  • Planning, making, recording, and analyzing observations. (correct)
  • Relying on subjective experiences instead of facts.
  • Conducting research without hypothesis testing.

    • Which of the following topics is NOT typically studied in psychology?

    <p>Weather patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can improve your chances of being accepted into a graduate psychology program?

    <p>Doing well in research methods and statistics courses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does empiricism rely on for understanding the world?

    <p>Direct or indirect experiences through the senses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the scientific method in psychology?

    <p>Utilizes systematic observations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should practitioners of psychology continually update to remain effective?

    <p>Their research skills and the latest findings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of publications in the scientific community?

    <p>To allow others to detect and correct errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step follows analyzing the data in psychological research?

    <p>Drawing conclusions and reporting findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does ethics in psychological research primarily focus on?

    <p>Standards of right and wrong behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the APA ethics code first published?

    <p>1953</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is primarily responsible for ethical conduct in psychological research?

    <p>Scientists and researchers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are researchers encouraged to do after reporting their findings?

    <p>Invite others to replicate their results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a source of ethical issues in psychological research?

    <p>Involvement of human participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity is NOT typically affected by scientific research?

    <p>Research libraries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required from participants before they engage in social research?

    <p>They should provide written consent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the use of deception in research considered acceptable?

    <p>When alternatives have been thoroughly explored and deemed ineffective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should researchers handle participants’ personal information?

    <p>By only collecting information that is absolutely essential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must researchers do after using deception in a study?

    <p>Debrief participants and ensure they understand the true nature of the study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers ensure regarding participants' identities?

    <p>Protect identities and ensure data is reported anonymously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a necessary aspect of conducting research?

    <p>Researchers should make full disclosures about all study details.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is advisable when handling sensitive research materials?

    <p>Exercise great care in obtaining and storing sensitive data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might researchers use deception in a study?

    <p>To ensure participants act naturally in a controlled situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental ethical obligation researchers have regarding participant safety?

    <p>Participants must be informed of any foreseeable risk before participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of potential harm that researchers should guard against?

    <p>Participants may experience discomfort from being asked personal questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'psychology' literally mean?

    <p>Study of the mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of research ethics involves providing participants with comprehensive details about the study?

    <p>Informed consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers do if a study could potentially cause stress to participants?

    <p>Provide procedures for contacting the researcher for follow-up support or debriefing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the authority as a source of knowledge?

    <p>It can sometimes lead people astray.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best represents rationalization?

    <p>Using logic and rules to derive conclusions from premises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the ethics of responsibility to society in research?

    <p>Researchers are obligated to consider the broader impacts of their research on society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial ethical practice before starting a research study?

    <p>Informing participants of risks and obtaining their consent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential issue with relying on intuition as a source of knowledge?

    <p>It can be based on biases rather than factual evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'potential harm' in research ethics primarily refer to?

    <p>Physical discomfort or psychological distress to participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In psychology, behaviors are defined as:

    <p>Observable actions or activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a problem with common sense as a method of knowing?

    <p>It may not be true and can be misleading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for researchers to screen participants before a study?

    <p>To identify and exclude those who may be harmed by the research procedures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conclusion can be drawn from the example provided about intuitions and anger?

    <p>People's intuitions about emotions may not align with scientific research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of science in psychology?

    <p>To provide explanations and understanding of human behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of basic research?

    <p>To expand knowledge and create new theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research is designed specifically to address real-world problems?

    <p>Applied research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a consideration when selecting a research design?

    <p>Popular opinion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might decisions made at the design stage of research change as work progresses?

    <p>Unforeseen problems may arise during research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic difference between laboratory and field research?

    <p>Field research occurs outside the controlled environment of a lab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feedback does applied research typically provide for basic research?

    <p>It provides evidence that can support or refute theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a question driven by basic research?

    <p>What are the symptoms of anxiety disorder?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is applied research often related to basic research?

    <p>It is frequently a follow-up to validate findings from basic research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychology 311 - Advanced Research Methods (1S)

    • Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
    • Behavior refers to observable actions, while mental processes include internal experiences like thoughts and feelings.
    • Psychology uses a scientific approach, drawing on methods from disciplines like biology, astronomy, chemistry, and physics to understand human behavior.

    Sources or Methods of Knowing

    • Authority: Knowledge gained from perceived experts, such as parents, doctors, teachers, or books. However, authority figures can be biased or inaccurate.

    • Rationalization: Using logic and reasoning to reach conclusions. The validity of conclusions depend on the truth of the initial premises.

    • Intuition/Common Sense: Knowledge based on feelings or instinct. While sometimes accurate, it can be unreliable due to cognitive and motivational biases.

    • Empiricism: A way of understanding the world using direct or indirect sensory experience. It involves systematic observation and analysis for reliable knowledge in psychology. The methods used by scientists include:

      • Precise definitions of phenomena being measured.
      • Valid and reliable measurement tools.
      • Generally accepted research methodologies.
      • Logical systems for drawing conclusions into general theories.

    Features of the Scientific Method

    • Systematic Empiricism: Learning about the natural world through systematic observation. This involves carefully planning, making, recording, and analyzing observations.

    • Objectivity: Unbiased observation, free from emotion, preconceptions, or preconceived notions. Objectivity is often achieved through inter-rater agreement on the observations.

    • Verifiable: The process of repeating the research, and getting the same results to ensure reliability of the results in a study.

    • This is essential for building knowledge in psychology.

    Steps in Conducting Psychological Research

    • Develop a research question/hypothesis.
    • Plan the research design.
    • Collect data (measurement).
    • Process data.
    • Analyze and interpret data.
    • Sample participants (selection of participants).

    Ethics in Psychological Research

    • Ethics address moral conduct and behavior, providing guidance for researchers.
    • Ethical Principles for research should include;
      • Protection of participants from harm.
      • Informed consent.
      • Privacy.
      • Deception (used sparingly, with debriefing).
    • The ethical code of psychologists is defined, reviewed and updated to accommodate new ideas.

    Ethics of Treatment of Participants

    • Researchers have obligations to ensure participants are treated fairly and respectfully.
    • Researchers must avoid potential harm, and inform participants of all risks involved.
    • Participants must consent to participate.
    • Researchers should be mindful of any stress or anxiety, providing support in case needed.

    Ethics of Data Collection and Analysis

    • Ethical conduct requires honesty and trustworthiness in research practices.
    • Falsification or fabrication of data are not acceptable.
    • Integrity in data is especially important and can take various forms.

    Types of Research Design

    • Experimental: Investigates causal relationships between variables by actively manipulating one variable and observing its effect on another.
    • Non Experimental: Observational research without manipulation e.g quasi-experimental, correlational, survey, qualitative.
    • Qualitative: Involves in-depth exploration of experiences and concepts through methods like interviews or focus groups.
    • Quantitative: Collects data numerically, using statistics to summarize and analyze results.

    Types of Research

    • Basic: Aims to expand and create knowledge, e.g. understanding basic psychological processes.
    • Applied: Seeks to solve real-world problems, applying knowledge to address particular issues, e.g. therapies, interventions.

    Laboratory vs. Field Research

    • Laboratory: Controlled environment, can allow for precise control over variables but can sometimes lack generalizability to real-world settings.
    • Field: Natural setting, more realistic observations but less control over variables.

    Quantitative vs Qualitative Research

    • Quantitative: Focuses on numerical data, statistical analysis.
    • Qualitative: In-depth exploration and description of concepts and experiences.

    Research Hypothesis for Single Factor and Factorial Design

    • Single Factor: Predicts a relationship between one variable and another.
    • Factorial: Predicts interactions between multiple independent variables and dependent variables.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Psy 311 - Advanced Research Methods (1S) PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores advanced research methods in psychology, emphasizing the significance of behavior and mental processes. It addresses various sources or methods of knowing, including authority, rationalization, intuition, and empiricism, highlighting their roles in understanding human behavior. Test your knowledge on how these methods contribute to psychological research.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser