DSM-5 Changes: Removal of Multiaxial System
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DSM-5 Changes: Removal of Multiaxial System

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Questions and Answers

What is the notable change in DSM-5 regarding axes I, II, and III?

  • They have been separated into different categories
  • They have been combined into the descriptions of disorders (correct)
  • They have been expanded
  • They have been removed
  • What term has been dropped in favor of a more accurate term in DSM-5?

  • Mental retardation (correct)
  • Intellectual disability
  • Comorbidity
  • Psychological disorder
  • What is the term for being diagnosed with more than one psychological disorder at the same time?

  • Comorbidity (correct)
  • Dimensional axes
  • Correlational research
  • Epidemiology
  • What is the term for the study of the incidence, distribution, and consequences of a particular problem or set of problems in one or more populations?

    <p>Epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency to see all participants as one homogeneous group?

    <p>Patient uniformity myth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of correlational research, including epidemiological research?

    <p>It can't tell us conclusively what causes a particular phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of epidemiological research?

    <p>To study the incidence and prevalence of disorders among different groups of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of knowing the prevalence and course of psychological disorders?

    <p>It points researchers in the right direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main approach of DSM-III to diagnosis?

    <p>Taking an atheoretical approach to diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major change in DSM-III that allowed for the study of reliability and validity?

    <p>The provision of precise descriptions of disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was represented on Axis I of the multiaxial system?

    <p>The disorder itself, such as schizophrenia or mood disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Axis IV in the multiaxial system?

    <p>To rate the amount of psychosocial stress reported</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was published in 1968 by the American Psychiatric Association?

    <p>DSM-II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was published in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association?

    <p>DSM-I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a characteristic of the multiaxial system?

    <p>Diagnosing biological disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which edition of the DSM was the distinction between organically based disorders and psychologically based disorders eliminated?

    <p>DSM-IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was coded on Axis II in the DSM-IV?

    <p>Personality disorders and intellectual disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Axis IV in the DSM-IV?

    <p>To report psychosocial and environmental problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the text revision in DSM-IV-TR?

    <p>To clarify many issues related to the diagnosis of psychological disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the DSM-5 published?

    <p>2013</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many main sections are there in the DSM-5?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Section 3 of the DSM-5?

    <p>Describing disorders or conditions that need further research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main change in the multiaxial system in DSM-IV compared to previous editions?

    <p>Only personality disorders and intellectual disability were coded on Axis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    DSM-5 Changes

    • The multiaxial system has been removed, and clinicians can now make separate notations for psychosocial/contextual factors and extent of disability associated with the diagnosis.
    • The use of dimensional axes for rating severity, intensity, frequency, or duration of specific disorders has been substantially expanded.

    Term Changes

    • "Mental retardation" has been replaced with the more accurate term "intellectual disability", consistent with recent changes by other organizations.

    Comorbidity

    • Individuals are often diagnosed with more than one psychological disorder at the same time, which is called comorbidity.

    Research Methods

    • Kiesler's "patient uniformity myth" refers to the tendency to see all participants as one homogeneous group.
    • Comparing groups according to their mean scores can hide important differences in individual reactions to interventions.
    • Epidemiology is a type of correlational research that studies the incidence, distribution, and consequences of a particular problem or set of problems in one or more populations.
    • Epidemiologists study the incidence and prevalence of disorders among different groups of people.

    DSM History

    • The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-I) was published in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association.
    • The second edition of the DSM (DSM-II) was published in 1968.
    • The third edition of the DSM (DSM-III) was published in 1980 and departed radically from its predecessors, with three major changes:
      • An atheoretical approach to diagnosis, relying on precise descriptions of disorders.
      • Specificity and detail in listing criteria for identifying disorders, allowing for reliability and validity studies.
      • The introduction of the multiaxial system, allowing clinicians to gather information about an individual's functioning in multiple areas.
    • The fourth edition of the DSM (DSM-IV) was published in 1994, eliminating the distinction between organically based and psychologically based disorders.
    • DSM-IV-TR was published in 2000, updating the text and making minor changes to criteria for consistency.
    • DSM-5 was published in 2013, with three main sections: introduction, disorders, and descriptions of disorders needing further research.

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    Description

    This quiz assesses knowledge of changes in the DSM-5, specifically the removal of the multiaxial system and the introduction of new notations for psychosocial factors and disability.

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