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Psychological Child Development Theories
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Psychological Child Development Theories

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus during Freud's oral stage of development?

  • Bowel and bladder control
  • Mouth and feeding (correct)
  • Parent-child attachment
  • Cognitive comprehension

    • During which stage does a child primarily focus on toilet training and bodily functions?

  • Oral Stage
  • Cognitive Stage
  • Phallic Stage
  • Anal Stage (correct)

    • What psychological phenomenon is associated with Freud's phallic stage of development?

  • Constipation issues
  • Oedipus Complex (correct)
  • All psychological growth ceases
  • Desensitization to physical stimuli

    • At what chronological age does the phallic stage occur according to Freud's theory?

    <p>3 to 6 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary developmental task during the anal stage?

    <p>Developing control over bodily functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary form of experience for children in the sensorimotor stage?

    <p>Experience through senses and motor activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which developmental stage does a child typically experience a language explosion?

    <p>Preoperational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior classification includes descriptors such as 'Definitively positive'?

    <p>C.Frank's Classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of children in the adolescent stage?

    <p>Self-absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age range corresponds to the school-age stage of development?

    <p>8 to 12 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a difficult temperament child?

    <p>Tends to withdraw in social settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an easy temperament child typically respond to changes?

    <p>Positively and adaptively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavior of a slow to warm-up temperament child?

    <p>Shows extreme negativism initially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should dental personnel approach a difficult temperament child to encourage compliance?

    <p>With sensitivity and clear structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior can indicate a positive attitude in an easy temperament child during dental visits?

    <p>Interest in the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely reaction of a slow to warm-up child to a new dental experience?

    <p>Needs a longer time to adjust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristics are indicative of a difficult temperament child?

    <p>Intense and irritable with irregular functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an easy temperament child’s body functions?

    <p>Consistent and regular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of children in the Concrete Operational Stage?

    <p>Reasoning and logical thinking regarding concrete events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is notably present in children from 4 to 5 years old?

    <p>Creative and imaginative play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mental ability developed during the Formal Operational Stage?

    <p>Multiple forms of logical thinking and hypothesis testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage do children develop self-confidence and social skills?

    <p>Latent Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a child exhibit when they experience a Sense of Autonomy?

    <p>Often say 'NO' to requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive ability is a child exhibiting when they can understand analogies?

    <p>Formal Operational thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ability is associated with children aged 7 to 11 years during the Concrete Operational Stage?

    <p>Ability to perform basic mathematical equations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the Genital Stage from previous stages of development?

    <p>Maturation of sexual interests and romantic relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Latent Stage of development?

    <p>Libido is dormant and children focus on other activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality characteristic is associated with children aged 3 years?

    <p>Imaginative play and decreased egocentrism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)?

    <p>To measure characteristics or attitudes on a continuum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical endpoint represents a totally cooperative behavior according to the VAS?

    <p>Very cooperative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT listed as affecting a child's behavior during medical interventions?

    <p>Sibling behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior might be exhibited by a child with high anxiety levels due to past experiences?

    <p>Timid Behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach is recommended for helping children with uncontrolled behavior?

    <p>Pharmaco-therapeutic approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible indicator of lacking cooperative ability in children?

    <p>Passive Resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of behavior that falls under the definition of 'Potentially Cooperative'?

    <p>Challenging behavior with some willingness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior might a child exhibit if they feel both fear and anxiety during treatment?

    <p>Extreme high anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychological Child Development Theories

    • Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stages focus on the impact of childhood experiences on personality development.
    • Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development highlights the social influence on individual growth through specific life crises.
    • Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development explains the evolution of children's thinking processes.

    Freud's Psychosexual Stages

    • Oral Stage (Birth to 1 Year):

      • Focus on mouth as primary source of interaction.
      • Child learns from environment using oral exploration.
      • Limited language comprehension; relies on feeding and sensory experiences.

    • Anal Stage (1 to 3 Years):

      • Focus on bowel and bladder control.
      • Toilet training encourages autonomy and control over bodily functions.

    • Phallic Stage (3 to 6 Years):

      • Focus on genitals; development of sexual identity.
      • Emergence of Oedipus complex; attachment to opposite-sex parent and rivalry with same-sex parent.
      • Enhanced curiosity and role-playing; learning social etiquette.

    • Latency Stage (6 to Puberty):

      • Sexual interests are dormant.
      • Emphasis on developing social skills, self-confidence, and academic interests.

    • Genital Stage (Puberty to Death):

      • Maturing sexual interests, focusing on romantic relationships.
      • Development of mature sexual relationships and moral understanding.

    Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

    • Sensorimotor Stage (Birth to 2 Years):

      • Knowledge gained through sensory experiences and physical interactions.
      • Development of stranger anxiety as social awareness grows.

    • Preoperational Stage (2 to 7 Years):

      • Characterized by a language explosion; symbolic thinking begins.
      • Cognitive egocentrism; difficulty in seeing from others’ perspectives.

    • Concrete Operational Stage (7 to 11 Years):

      • Logical thinking develops concerning tangible concepts.
      • Ability to perform mathematical operations and understand analogies.

    • Formal Operational Stage (12 Years and Up):

      • Development of abstract thought processes; ability to perform deductive and inductive reasoning.
      • Enhanced hypothesis generation and testing skills.

    Child Behavior in Dental Environment

    • Classification of Behavior:

      • Child’s temperament significantly influences behavior in dental settings.
      • Frank's Classification ranges from definitely positive (F4) to definitely negative (F1).

    • Child Temperaments:

      • Easy Temperament: Positive mood, adaptable, enjoys dental visits.
      • Difficult Temperament: Intense, irritable; requires structured approach for comfort.
      • Slow to Warm-Up Temperament: Shy and cautious; benefits from patient and supportive dental staff.

    • Visual Analogue Scale (VAS):

      • Measures child behavior on a continuum from cooperative to uncooperative.
      • Effective with young children to gauge attitudes toward treatment.

    • Forms of Behavior:

      • Cooperative: Engaging positively, minimal apprehension.
      • Lacking Cooperative Ability: May require pharmacologic management or body restraints.
      • Potentially Cooperative: High anxiety or past negative experiences may affect willingness to cooperate.

    • Factors Affecting Behavior:

      • Anxiety from unknown threats or past experiences influences child behavior in dental environments.
      • Mother's anxiety and fear can exacerbate a child's apprehension about dental procedures.

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    Description

    Explore the key theories of child development by Freud, Erikson, and Piaget. This quiz covers the psychosexual stages, psychosocial development, and cognitive development concepts. Test your knowledge on how these theories apply to growth proportions in children.

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