Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
Which system in Bronfenbrenner's theory involves the interaction of two Microsystems?
What concept does the Exosystem primarily represent in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
Which aspect describes the Macrosystem in Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory?
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What does the Chronosystem refer to in the context of Bronfenbrenner's theory?
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What is the primary idea behind Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
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Which cognitive distortion involves assuming you know what others are thinking?
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Which type of cognitive distortion is characterized by exaggerating the importance of negative events?
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What does 'should' statements refer to in cognitive distortions?
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What is the potential impact of cognitive distortions on mental health?
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What initiates an emotion according to the concept of Antecedent Condition?
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In the James-Lange Theory of Emotion, what precedes emotional experience?
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What is the main assertion of the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion?
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According to the Schachter-Singer Theory, what are the two key factors in emotional experience?
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Which of the following describes Emotional Expressions in the context of emotions?
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What aspect does the Individual Self primarily reflect?
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Which system in Kahneman's model is associated with quick decision making?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the seven types of emotions identified by Dr. Paul Ekman?
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What do thoughts commonly include, aside from words?
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How does the Relational Self differ from the Individual Self?
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Study Notes
Tripartite Composition of the Self
- Individual Self: Highlights a person’s unique subjective experiences.
- Relational Self: Emphasizes emotional bonds and attachments between individuals.
- Collective Self: Represents a person’s perspective regarding social groups and others.
Thoughts
- Encompasses various mental activities such as wishes, hopes, plans, predictions, judgments, and memories.
- Can be expressed through words, images, speech, or even sensory experiences such as smells.
Two Thinking Systems by Daniel Kahneman
- System 1: Fast, automatic decision-making process; operates intuitively without much effort.
- System 2: Deliberate, effortful thinking; requires attention and time for careful consideration.
Emotions
- Defined as conscious mental reactions that occur in response to specific stimuli or events.
Dr. Paul Ekman: 7 Types of Emotions
- Neutral
- Anger
- Disgust
- Fear
- Joy
- Sadness
- Surprise
Bio-Ecological Perspective of the Self
- Dr. Urie Bronfenbrenner: Renowned American psychologist known for his Ecological Systems Theory.
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory
- Microsystem: Immediate environment with direct influences on an individual.
- Mesosystem: Interaction between multiple microsystems.
- Exosystem: External environmental settings that indirectly affect the individual.
- Macrosystem: Broad societal and cultural influences experienced by individuals.
- Chronosystem: Changes and transitions occurring over time affecting the individual.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
- Central theme: Individual perceptions of events significantly shape emotions and behaviors, beyond the events themselves.
Cognitive Distortions
- Misguided thought patterns leading to negative feelings and behaviors, frequently seen in psychological disorders.
Types of Cognitive Distortions
- Magnification and Minimization: Overemphasizing negatives while downplaying positives.
- Arbitrary Inferences: Making conclusions without evidence (e.g., catastrophizing or mind reading).
- "Should" Statements: Imposing rigid expectations rather than accepting reality.
- Personalization: Attributing blame to oneself for negative outcomes beyond their control.
Emotions and Their Features
- Antecedent Condition/Activating Event: Situations that trigger emotional responses.
- Cognitive Appraisal/Beliefs: Internal thought processes and beliefs influencing emotional responses.
- Emotional Expressions/Consequence: Observable feelings, moods, and emotional states resulting from the above factors.
Theories of Emotions
- James-Lange Theory: Emotions arise from physiological responses; individuals feel emotions due to bodily reactions.
- Cannon-Bard Theory: Emotions and physical responses happen simultaneously and independently of each other.
- Schachter-Singer Theory: Emotions result from both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of the situation.
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Description
Test your understanding of the Tripartite Composition of the Self in this PSY 1A quiz. Explore the distinctions between the Individual Self, Relational Self, and Collective Self. Perfect for students reviewing Module 1.
