40 Questions
What are essential amino acids missing from incomplete proteins called?
Limiting amino acids
Which of the following plant sources of protein are mentioned in the text as being complete?
Tofu and quinoa
What is the term used to describe the concept of complementing proteins from plant sources to ensure all essential amino acids are consumed?
Complementing proteins
What does the body draw on to make protein?
Amino acid pool
If the diet lacks a non-essential amino acid, what can the liver do according to the text?
Convert it from another amino acid
What is the term used to describe the situation where protein synthesis stops due to the lack of an essential amino acid?
Limiting amino acid depletion
In the context of protein synthesis, what does DNA hold the instructions for?
The sequence of amino acids
What can compromise protein synthesis according to the text?
Limiting amino acids
What is the limitation of using randomized control trials to study human vegetarian diets and health?
They are not applicable to study human vegetarian diets and health
What is the relationship between vegetarian and vegan diets and several important health outcomes?
There is an association, but not causal
What is the nutritional benefit of a plant-based diet?
Nutritionally adequate
What is the exception to plant products that is a good source of vitamin B12?
Nutritional yeast
What is the purpose of fortified foods and supplements in a vegetarian diet?
To make up for nutritional inadequacies
What are proteins made up of?
Long, folded amino acid chains
Which of the following nutrients is a vegetarian diet often lower in?
Iron and zinc
Why is it necessary to search out plant foods that are higher in certain nutrients?
To prevent nutritional deficiencies
Which type of diets were included in the systematic review conducted by Chai et al. (2019)?
Vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous diets
What health element do oral branched chain amino acids decrease according to Fernando et al. (1995)?
Whole-body proteolysis
What main theme did Fox and Ward (2008) explore in their qualitative study?
Vegetarian motivations
What type of diets did Dinu et al. (2017) review in their meta-analysis?
Vegetarian and vegan diets
According to Friedman and Brandon (2001), what are the nutritional and health benefits associated with soy proteins?
Numerous nutritional and health benefits
What did Craig (2010) focus on in the article 'Nutrition Concerns and Health Effects of Vegetarian Diets'?
Health effects of vegetarian diets
In the study by Fouré and Bendahan (2017), what nutritional strategy did they investigate to alleviate skeletal muscle damage?
Branched-Chain Amino Acids supplementation
What was the focus of the study by Fernando et al. (1995) on oral branched chain amino acids?
Decrease in whole-body proteolysis
What is the main advantage of the DIAAS method over the PDCAAS method?
It measures amino acid digestibility in the ileum.
Why is the PER method currently used in Canada considered inadequate for assessing protein quality?
It relies on animal studies that do not correlate with human growth.
What does the protein efficiency ratio (PER) measure?
Weight gain in animals consuming protein
Why do countries like Canada consider changing from the PER method to methods like DIAAS?
To align with international standards
Which method is recommended until a sufficient database of DIAAS values is established?
PDCAAS
Why is the PER method used in Canada in a laboratory setting?
To calculate the weight gain in animals consuming protein
Why is the DIAAS method considered better at evaluating the protein quality of mixed meals?
It estimates amino acid absorption in the body.
What is the main drawback of using rats for determining protein quality assessments?
Rat growth does not strongly correlate with human growth.
What was the focus of the study by Glenn et al. (2019)?
The impact of vegetarian dietary patterns on cardiovascular outcomes
Which journal published the article by Halton and Hu in 2004?
Journal of the American College of Nutrition
What is the main topic of the article by Harper, Miller, and Block (1984)?
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Which food type was shown to promote greater lean mass accretion after resistance exercise according to Hartman et al. (2007)?
Fat-free fluid milk
What aspect of diets did Government of Canada, C.F.I.A. consider in their reference material?
Nutrition facts table elements
What was the outcome of the study by Glenn et al. (2019) on vegetarian dietary patterns?
Positive impact on cardiovascular outcomes
What was the focus of the critical review by Halton and Hu (2004)?
High protein diets and their effects on weight loss
Which of the following was indicated as promoting greater muscle growth in novice weightlifters by Hartman et al. (2007)?
Fat-free fluid milk
Learn about complete and incomplete proteins, essential amino acids, limiting amino acids, and how individuals consuming little or no animal products can ensure a balanced diet by incorporating diverse plant-based protein sources.
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