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Protein Synthesis: DNA and RNA Functions

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Protein Synthesis: DNA and RNA Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of Messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?

Stores genetic information passed from one cell generation to the next

Supplies amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled as protein

Brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the protein manufacturing area (correct)

Holds tightly into the mRNA using its information to assemble amino acids

Which type of nucleic acid is single-stranded and found in the cytoplasm?

Messenger RNA (correct)

Ribosomal RNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

What is the function of Transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Holds tightly into the mRNA using its information to assemble amino acids

Supplies amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled as protein (correct)

Stores genetic information passed from one cell generation to the next

Brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the protein manufacturing area

Which nucleic acid is known as the blueprint of life?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which information from DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Ribosomal RNA in protein synthesis?

Holds tightly into the mRNA using its information to assemble amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain controls activities and thoughts?

Cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

What system is associated with the voluntary control of body movements?

Somatic Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

Which system serves as the main processing center for the entire nervous system?

Central Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Brain Stem in the body?

Controls automatic functions like breathing Signup and view all the answers

Which nervous system connects the CNS to the organs and limbs?

Peripheral Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

What part of the CNS serves as a channel of signals between the brain and the rest of the body?

Spinal Cord Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Protein Synthesis

Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
mRNA is single-stranded and found in the cytoplasm.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome to build proteins according to the mRNA sequence.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

The brain controls activities and thoughts.
The CNS is served by the spinal cord, which acts as a channel of signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
The brain stem connects the CNS to the organs and limbs through the peripheral nervous system.
The brain stem also plays a crucial role in controlling many of the body's automatic functions, such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Nervous System

The peripheral nervous system connects the CNS to the organs and limbs, allowing for the voluntary control of body movements.
The peripheral nervous system serves as the main processing center for the entire nervous system.
DNA is often referred to as the "blueprint of life" because it contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of an organism.

Translation

The process of copying information from DNA into mRNA is called transcription.

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Description

This quiz covers the functions of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) in protein synthesis. Topics include the role of DNA as the blueprint of life, storage of genetic information, and how RNA converts DNA information into proteins.