Protein Life Cycle
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a secondary structure of a protein?

  • Alpha helix
  • Plated sheet
  • Random coil
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which type of protein is most likely to have plated sheets as its secondary structure?

  • Enzymes
  • Globular proteins
  • Random coil proteins
  • Structural proteins (correct)

    • Which type of protein is most likely to have alpha helix as its secondary structure?

  • Random coil proteins
  • Globular proteins (correct)
  • Enzymes
  • Structural proteins

    • What is the purpose of folding primary structures into secondary structures?

    <p>To increase the stability of the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

    <p>A combination of several tertiary structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is mentioned as an example of a quaternary structure?

    <p>Hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>A stretch of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different proteins can be made with 20 amino acids?

    <p>10^78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different proteins can be made from proteins that consist of 60 amino acids?

    <p>10^78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different proteins are usually found inside an average cell in the human body?

    <p>Between 500,000 and 1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the shaping of a protein after the translation process?

    <p>Protein folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary sequence of a protein?

    <p>The sequence of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of protein synthesis?

    <p>Protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of this lecture?

    <p>Protein sorting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the life cycle of a protein?

    <p>Protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is post-translational modification?

    <p>The modification of a protein after translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a protein's tertiary structure?

    <p>To provide stability and functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the alpha helix and beta sheet in protein folding?

    <p>To provide stability and functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of the protein life cycle stages discussed in the text?

    <p>Protein synthesis, protein sorting, protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge in the protein sorting process?

    <p>Protein folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is mentioned as an example of a warm country in the text?

    <p>Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, why do we make a relatively small amount of proteins?

    <p>We don't need all these proteins at this moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of generating certain proteins according to the text?

    <p>To accommodate to different temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two secondary structure elements mentioned in the text?

    <p>Alpha helix and beta-plated sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the TATCH-HER structure?

    <p>The total of secondary structure elements folded specifically to a compact form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for generating a large number of proteins?

    <p>To adapt to different environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the relationship between body accommodation and protein generation?

    <p>Body accommodation allows us to generate specific proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteins in the process of evolution according to the text?

    <p>Proteins allow us to evolve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, why do we have an enormous possibility to make a huge amount of proteins?

    <p>We don't need all these proteins at this moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of being able to generate a large number of proteins?

    <p>The ability to adapt to different environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a post-translational modification mentioned in the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does glycosylation primarily take place?

    <p>In the endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein modification helps newly formed proteins fold correctly?

    <p>Chaperone binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a protein modification mentioned in the text?

    <p>Methylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the further modification of glycosylation take place?

    <p>In the Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein modification involves the addition of a phosphate group?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein modification involves the removal of a phosphate group?

    <p>Dephosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for proteins partnering up with newly formed proteins to help them fold correctly?

    <p>Chaperone binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does phosphorylation primarily take place?

    <p>In the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does dephosphorylation primarily take place?

    <p>In the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor involved in the folding of proteins?

    <p>Glycosylphide bridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following amino acids is NOT mentioned as being involved in the formation of salt bridges?

    <p>Cysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of secondary structure involved in protein folding?

    <p>Tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a post-translational modification of proteins?

    <p>Protein folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a location where protein folding can take place?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of molecular chaperones in protein folding?

    <p>Promoting protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor that can affect protein folding?

    <p>Presence of molecular chaperones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of bridge involved in protein folding?

    <p>Hydrogen bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a role of magnesium in protein folding?

    <p>Promoting protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of a deficiency in key elements like magnesium for protein folding?

    <p>Instant sickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a post-translational modification of proteins?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of proteolysis as a post-translational modification?

    <p>To activate or deactivate proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of hydroxylation as a post-translational modification?

    <p>To form tertiary structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of having a problem in protein glycosylation?

    <p>Congenital disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sugar trees in the plasma membrane?

    <p>To stabilize proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is mentioned as an example of using glycosylation to hide its proteins?

    <p>HIF virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of chaperones in protein folding?

    <p>To prevent protein aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to misfolded proteins that cannot be correctly refolded?

    <p>They are degraded by the proteasome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glycosylation in proteins?

    <p>To increase protein stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is protein misfolding a problem in degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's?

    <p>Misfolded proteins form amyloid fibrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

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