The Virus Life Cycle Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which step in the virus life cycle involves the fusion of viral and cellular membranes?

  • Attachment
  • Synthesis
  • Release
  • Uncoating (correct)

What happens to the negative sense RNA genome after it is released into the cell cytoplasm?

  • It is transcribed into mRNAs (correct)
  • It is replicated into a positive sense viral complementary RNA
  • It is translated into viral gene transcripts
  • It is encapsidated with the M protein

Which viral protein is responsible for interacting with the encapsidated genomes during assembly?

  • RNA dependent RNA polymerase
  • Host cell machinery
  • Glycoproteins
  • M protein (correct)

Which family does the Measles Virus (MeV) belong to?

<p>Paramyxoviridae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the viral glycoproteins during the virus life cycle?

<p>Release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the virus life cycle involves the production of a positive sense viral complementary RNA (vcRNA +ve)?

<p>Genome replication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the host cell machinery during the virus life cycle?

<p>Synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the virus life cycle involves the attachment of a virion to a host cell surface receptor?

<p>Attachment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase in a -ssRNA virus?

<p>Genome replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the virus life cycle?

<p>Attachment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission involves the movement of a virus through the respiratory system?

<p>Respiratory route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission occurs when a virus is passed from a mother to her child during pregnancy or childbirth?

<p>Vertical transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a virus's ability to infect a specific type of cell but not another?

<p>Cellular tropism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a virus's ability to infect a specific tissue or organ?

<p>Tissue tropism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a virus's ability to infect one host species but not another?

<p>Host tropism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which site is considered a secondary site for viral entry and propagation within the body systems?

<p>Skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the cycle of infection involves the replication of the virus at the primary site?

<p>Entry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the cycle of infection involves the release of viral particles from the host to infect others?

<p>Shedding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission involves the spread of microbes from the human or animal stool to your mouth?

<p>Fecal-oral route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is the most effective in spreading pathogens over long distances?

<p>Respiratory route (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission involves the spread of pathogenic agents from animal-to-animal through coitus?

<p>Venereal route (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission involves the direct application of a drug to the skin?

<p>Cutaneous route (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is associated with the spread of viruses like SARS and Ebola over short distances?

<p>Respiratory route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission is linked to premature births and miscarriages when it comes to HPV?

<p>Vertical transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission involves the spread of infectious diseases from animals to humans through ticks, mosquitoes, and fleas?

<p>Zoonotic transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with tropical arthropods like arboviruses?

<p>Mechanical route (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with viruses like HIV-1, HBV, and papillomavirus?

<p>Sexual route (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with viruses like Lassa fever virus and cytomegalovirus?

<p>Via urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epidemic does not necessarily have to involve contagious diseases?

<p>Epidemic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a disease that is consistently present but limited to particular regions?

<p>Endemic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a disease that covers a wide area, affecting several countries and populations?

<p>Pandemic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission is commonly associated with ticks, mosquitoes, and fleas spreading infectious diseases from animals to humans?

<p>Vector-borne transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the severity of disease caused by different strains of the same virus?

<p>Virulence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are virulence factors?

<p>Characteristics that allow viruses to be pathogenic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection causes viruses to only replicate at the primary site?

<p>Localised infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection causes viruses to replicate at more distant tissues?

<p>Generalised infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the disease outcome of viral infection?

<p>Viral replication in the host cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does understanding the mechanisms involved during viral infection contribute to?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a virus's ability to infect a specific tissue or organ?

<p>Viral tropism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the host cell machinery during the virus life cycle?

<p>To support viral replication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with the spread of rhinovirus and influenza virus?

<p>Respiratory route (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with the spread of poliovirus?

<p>Faecal-oral route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with the spread of Lassa fever virus and cytomegalovirus?

<p>Via urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is common with tropical arthropods and is associated with arboviruses?

<p>Mechanical route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epidemic is characterized by an unexpected increase in the number of disease cases in a specific geographical area, even if the disease is not necessarily contagious?

<p>Epidemic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the characteristics that allow a virus to be pathogenic?

<p>Pathogenicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between pathogenicity and virulence?

<p>Pathogenicity refers to the virus' effect on the host, while virulence refers to the severity of disease caused by different strains of the same virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are virulence factors?

<p>Characteristics that allow viruses to be pathogenic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a virus's ability to infect one host species but not another?

<p>Specificity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the host cell machinery during the virus life cycle?

<p>To produce viral proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are virulence factors?

<p>Factors that allow a virus to be pathogenic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission is linked to premature births and miscarriages when it comes to HPV?

<p>Vertical transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a virus's ability to infect a specific type of cell but not another?

<p>Tropism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does understanding the mechanisms involved during viral infection contribute to?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission is commonly associated with viruses like HIV-1, HBV, and papillomavirus?

<p>Sexual transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of transmission involves the movement of a virus through the respiratory system?

<p>Airborne transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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