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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases in Post-Translational Modifications

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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases in Post-Translational Modifications

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the process by which the number of target cell receptors increases due to a deficient extracellular messenger?

Protein ubiquitylation

Signal transduction

GTP binding

Receptor up-regulation (correct)

What is the role of relay proteins in signal transduction?

To bind with the effector protein

To degrade proteins

To increase the concentration of second messengers

To convey the signal between receptor and effector protein (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a conserved component of intracellular signal transduction pathways?

Protein phosphatase

Protein kinases

Protein carboxylation (correct)

GTP binding proteins

What is the term for the process by which proteins are marked for degradation?

Ubiquitylation Signup and view all the answers

Which second messenger has a long half-life?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GTP binding proteins in signal transduction?

To bind and hydrolyze GTP, transmitting the signal Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins are involved in signal transduction and cellular regulation?

GTPase switch proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme class promotes the inactive form of G-proteins?

GAPs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of protein kinases in signal transduction?

They catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a second messenger?

cAMP Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves marking proteins for degradation?

Protein ubiquitylation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is indirectly linked to GTP binding proteins?

G Protein-Coupled Receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important post-translational modification of proteins?

Phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of kinases mediate the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to a substrate?

Serine/Threonine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of protein phosphatases?

Removing a phosphate from substrates Signup and view all the answers

Which class of proteins is associated with G protein-coupled receptors?

Guanine Nucleotide Binding Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of protein phosphorylation on enzymatic activity?

Enhances enzymatic activity Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular process involves protein ubiquitylation and degradation?

Regulation of Protein Levels Signup and view all the answers