Propofol Flashcards

Study Notes

Propofol Overview

Trade Name: Diprivan
Class: Anesthetic and sedative-hypnotic, inducing central nervous system depression.

Formulation and Supply

Supplied as a 10 mg/mL solution in vial sizes of 20 mL, 50 mL, and 100 mL.

Mechanism of Action

Produces dose-dependent CNS depression akin to benzodiazepines and barbiturates.
Maintains anesthesia through careful titration of doses.

Clinical Indications

Indicated for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, particularly in mechanically ventilated patients.

Dosage Guidelines

Adults:
- Induction: 2-2.5 mg/kg (lower end for patients over 55).
- Repeat: 50% of the initial dose in 10 minutes.
- Infusion: Start at 100-200 mcg/kg/min, adjusting by 5 mcg/kg/min until desired effect is achieved.
- Light Sedation for ICU: 5-10 mcg/kg/min.
Elderly/Debilitated Patients:
- Induction: 1-1.5 mg/kg.
- Same infusion and light sedation dosing as adults.
Pediatric Patients:
- Induction: 2-3 mg/kg.
- Infusion: Start at 25-100 mcg/kg/min, adjusting similarly.

Contraindications

Hypovolemia and shock.
Hypersensitivity to propofol or its components (e.g., egg phospholipids, soybean oil).
Increased intracranial pressure or impaired cerebral perfusion.
Pregnancy.

Precautions

Risk of hypotension may arise due to vasodilation.
Use with caution in the elderly, debilitated patients, or those with renal/hepatic impairments (consider halving the initial induction dose).

Key Notes

Highly lipid-soluble, making it nearly insoluble in water; administered in a lipid emulsion.
Rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier and distributes quickly to well-perfused organs.
May cause pain upon administration; pre-treating with lidocaine (0.5-1 mg/kg) can mitigate this.

Administration Details

Route: IV
Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
Peak: Unknown
Duration: 3-5 minutes

Description

This quiz consists of flashcards focused on propofol, a common anesthetic and sedative-hypnotic. Each card provides key information such as trade name, class, supply details, and actions. Perfect for students and professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of this medication.