Probabilistic & Nonprobabilistic Sampling Methods

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Match the following sampling technique with its description:

Random Sampling = Selecting individuals from the population who are representative of the population Systematic Sampling = Selecting every 'kth' individual from a list of the population Stratified Random Sampling = Dividing the population into subgroups and then randomly selecting individuals from each subgroup Cluster Sampling = Dividing the population into clusters and then randomly selecting entire clusters to sample

Match the following sampling issue with its description:

Representation = Extent to which the sample is representative of the population Generalization = Extent to which results of the study can be extended from the sample to the population Sampling error = Chance occurrence that a randomly selected sample is not representative of the population due to errors in sampling technique Sampling bias = Bias introduced when selecting random samples

Match the following types of sampling with their corresponding research approach:

Quantitative Sampling = To identify participants from whom to seek information Qualitative Sampling = Selecting individuals based on specific characteristics or traits

Match the following sampling technique with its purpose:

Purposeful Sampling = Selecting individuals based on specific characteristics or traits Probability Sampling = Selecting samples at random to achieve a representative sample Signup and view all the answers

Match the sampling method with its description:

Convenience Sampling = Includes whoever happens to be available at the time Snowball Sampling = Participants identify others to become members of the sample Random Sampling = Select representative individuals to generalize from sample to population Purposeful Sampling (Qualitative) = Select people/sites that can best help to understand the phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

Match the disadvantage with the corresponding sampling method:

Difficulty in determining effect from cause = Convenience Sampling Might not know individuals who did not return survey = Snowball Sampling Respondents may not be representative of population = Convenience Sampling Advantage of recruiting large numbers of participants = Snowball Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the sampling method with its description:

Stratified Sampling = Population divided into groups based on certain criteria for more accurate representation Cluster Sampling = Selection of intact groups within the population sharing similar characteristics Convenience Sampling = Individuals selected based on availability and convenience Snowball Sampling = Initial participants recruit others to participate in the study Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristic with the sampling method that addresses it:

Representation of subgroups in the sample = Stratified Sampling Very useful for large populations spread geographically = Cluster Sampling Selection based on availability and convenience = Convenience Sampling Initial participants help recruit more participants = Snowball Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the purpose of sampling with the sampling method:

To generalize from sample to population = Random Sampling To develop a detailed understanding = Purposeful Sampling (Qualitative) To make claims about the population = Random Sampling To build/test theories that explain the population = Purposeful Sampling (Qualitative) Signup and view all the answers

Match the advantage with the corresponding sampling method:

Identification of all members of the population can be difficult = Stratified Sampling Convenient and expedient method = Cluster Sampling Selection based on availability and convenience = Convenience Sampling Can be used for both proportional and nonproportional samples = Stratified Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of purposeful sampling with its description:

Maximal Variation Sampling = Selecting individuals that differ on a certain characteristic Snowball Sampling = Asking participants to identify others to be part of the sample Convenience Sampling = Including whoever is available at the time Purposive Sampling (Qualitative) = Selecting people/sites that can best help understand the phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

Match the disadvantage with the appropriate sampling method:

Representation is likely to become an issue = Cluster Sampling Identifying members of all subgroups can be difficult = Stratified Sampling Do not need the names of everyone in the population = Cluster Sampling Identification of all members of the population can be difficult = Stratified Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the example with the corresponding sampling method:

Neighbourhood, School districts, Schools, Classrooms = Cluster Sampling Individuals selected because they are available and convenient = Convenience Sampling Sampling within each group proportional to their representation in total population = Stratified Sampling Initial participants recruit others to participate in the study = Snowball Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the process description with the appropriate sampling method:

Dividing the population by stratum and sampling proportionally within each group = Stratified Sampling Randomly selecting intact groups within defined population sharing similar characteristics = Cluster Sampling Selecting individuals based on availability and convenience = Convenience Sampling Initial participants recruit others to participate in study = Snowball Sampling Signup and view all the answers

Match the sampling method with its advantages:

Simple Random Sampling = High probability of achieving a representative sample Systematic Sampling = May not be as precise but more convenient Signup and view all the answers

Match the sampling method with its disadvantages:

Simple Random Sampling = Contacting all members of the sample can be difficult Systematic Sampling = No equal chance of being included Signup and view all the answers

Match the step in the selection process with the correct action for Simple Random Sampling:

Identify and define the population = Select an arbitrary starting point from a table of random numbers and read the appropriate number of digits Determine the desired sample size = List all members of the population List all members of the population = Assign all members on the list a consecutive number Assign all members on the list a consecutive number = Identify and define the population Signup and view all the answers

Match the step in the selection process with the correct action for Systematic Sampling:

Identify and define the population = Take every nth individual on the list Determine the desired sample size = Start at some random place in the population list Obtain a list of the population = Determine what nth is equal to by dividing the size of the population by the desired sample size Determine what nth is equal to by dividing the size of the population by the desired sample size = Identify and define the population Signup and view all the answers

Match the statement with its description for Simple Random Sampling:

Easy to conduct = $2. High probability of achieving a representative sample$ High probability of achieving a representative sample = $3. Meets assumptions of many statistical procedures$ Meets assumptions of many statistical procedures = $1. Easy to conduct$ Contacting all members of the sample can be difficult = $1. Identification of all members of the population can be difficult$ Signup and view all the answers

Match the statement with its description for Systematic Sampling:

Very easily done = $3. Take every nth individual on the list$ May not be as precise but more convenient = $2. Subgroups - some members of the population don’t have an equal chance of being included$ Subgroups - some members of the population don’t have an equal chance of being included = $4. No equal chance of being included$ Some members do not have an equal chance of being included = $1. May not be as precise but more convenient$ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sampling methods with their descriptions:

Typical Sampling = Selecting a person or site considered representative of those unfamiliar with the situation Theory/Concept Sampling = Selecting individuals or sites to help generate a theory or specific concepts within the theory Homogenous Sampling = Selecting sites or people with similar characteristics Critical Sampling = Studying an exceptional case representing the central phenomenon in dramatic terms Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sampling strategies with their explanations:

Typical Sampling = Collecting demographic or survey data about all cases to select a typical sample Opportunistic Sampling = Collecting new information after data collection begins to answer research questions and lead to novel ideas Theory/Concept Sampling = Selecting individuals or sites based on a full understanding of the concept or theory expected to be discovered Homogenous Sampling = Identifying specific characteristics and finding individuals or sites that possess them Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sampling types with their primary purpose:

Typical Sampling = Studying a person or site considered 'typical' to those unfamiliar with the situation Critical Sampling = Studying an exceptional case that represents the central phenomenon in dramatic terms Opportunistic Sampling = Collecting new information after data collection begins to answer research questions and uncover surprising findings Homogenous Sampling = Selecting individuals or sites with similar characteristics Signup and view all the answers