Questions and Answers
Who is considered the 'Father of Medicine'?
Hippocrates
What technique was widely practiced in medieval Europe for diagnosis?
Water casting (uroscopy)
What book written around 900 AD detailed the characteristics of urine?
The first book detailing urine characteristics
What advancement in the 18th century improved medical diagnosis?
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The American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) was founded to encourage cooperation between physicians and clinical pathologists.
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What was significant about the mid-1800s for clinical laboratories in the U.S.?
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Which technology was pivotal during the 19th century for diagnosing diseases like diabetes and syphilis?
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What medical advancements were achieved in the early 20th century? (Select all that apply)
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What was established as the first clinical laboratory in the Philippines?
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Who is known as the 'Father of PAMET'?
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Medical technology has not improved the quality of life in patients.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Medical Technology
- Hippocrates linked kidney disease and chronic illnesses to signs such as bubbles and pus in urine.
- Galen characterized diabetes as “diarrhea of urine” and explored the correlation between fluid intake and urine volume.
- Medieval Europe utilized "water casting" (uroscopy) for diagnoses, where patients submitted urine in decorative flasks.
Historical Developments
- Around 300 BC to 180 AD, Hippocrates and Galen pioneered basic assessments of disorders based on body fluids.
- By 900 AD, the first comprehensive book on urine characteristics was published, with disease perceived as an environmental-body imbalance.
- In the early 11th century, medical practitioners faced restrictions in examining patient bodies, relying on patient symptom descriptions.
Advances Through the Centuries
- By the 18th century, cadaver dissection and mechanical techniques improved diagnostic accuracy.
- 19th-century physicians began employing diagnostic machines such as spirometers and sphygmomanometers.
- Innovations in medical technology include advancements in robotics, telemedicine, and specialized practices leading to increased life expectancy.
Innovations and Breakthroughs
- Introduction of instruments like thermometers, stethoscopes, microscopes, and x-rays transformed diagnostics.
- 20th-century advances included electrification techniques, nuclear medicine, and the development of diagnostic ultrasound.
- Electron microscopy enabled visualization of minor cells and advanced imaging technologies emerged.
Establishment of Clinical Laboratories
- Mid-1800s marked the inception of clinical laboratories in the U.S., dedicated to medical specimen analysis.
- In 1895, the University of Pennsylvania opened a clinical medicine lab to emphasize laboratory services.
- The 20th century also saw the integration of computers in medical research, paving the way for innovations like MRI.
Development of Medical Technology in the Philippines
- The first clinical lab in the Philippines was established during WWII by the 6th Infantry Division in Manila.
- The lab transitioned to the Department of Health post-war, reopening later in 1945 under Dr. Pio de Roda.
- Dr. Roda initiated training programs for aspiring laboratory workers, laying the groundwork for medical technology education.
Formation of Professional Organizations
- September 15, 1956, saw the founding of the Philippine Association of Medical Technologists (PAMET) by Crisanto G. Almario.
- Charlemagne Tamondong served as PAMET president and advocated for the recognition of medical technologists through legislation.
- The first annual meeting of PAMET was held at UST on May 7, 1971.
Education and Training
- The pioneering B.S. in Medical Technology programs began in the Philippines in the 1950s, with institutions like UST and FEU contributing significantly.
- Postgraduate programs arose, offering advanced degrees aimed at enhancing the skills of medical technologists.
Clinical Laboratory Functions
- Clinical laboratory tests range from primary (CBC, urinalysis) to tertiary levels, including specialized chemistry and microbiology.
- The complexity of tests depends on hospital size and available resources, adjusting to meet specific diagnostic needs.
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Description
This quiz covers Module 1 of the Principles of Medical Laboratory Science course, focusing on the introduction to medical technology. Key concepts include historical findings by Hippocrates regarding urine analysis. Test your understanding of the foundational principles that guide medical laboratory practices.
