Questions and Answers
Which technology, invented by a French physician, was the first diagnostic tool in medicine?
What was the primary purpose of John Hutchinson's spirometer?
Which device was designed to view the interior of the eye, first invented in 1850?
Who discovered the X-ray in 1859, which can penetrate low-density objects?
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Which medical instrument, devised in 1855, allows for viewing the larynx?
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What was a significant role of chemistry in the 18th and 19th centuries in medicine?
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Which breakthrough in medical technology first allowed physicians to hear the heart beats of patients?
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What was the first practical microscope, developed in the early 18th century?
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What is the primary responsibility of a medical technologist?
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Which of the following best defines medical technology as per Heinemann's perspective?
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Medical technologists perform tests that can monitor which of the following?
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According to R.A. 5527, what does medical technology primarily examine?
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Which of the following statements reflects the culture of medical technology's role?
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What aspect of disease does medical technology NOT contribute to?
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Which of the following definitions of medical technology emphasizes the role of laboratory analyses in health maintenance?
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Who introduced the concept of steam sterilization in surgery?
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Which of the following instruments are medical technologists NOT typically involved with?
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Who converted the Spanish Military Hospital into the First Reserve Hospital?
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Which scientist is known for discovering the ABO blood group system?
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What significant event occurred just ten hours after the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
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What significant medical advance was made by Jonas Salk?
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Which year did Edward Jenner discover vaccination for smallpox?
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Which school opened the first school of Medical Technology in the Philippines?
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Who was responsible for introducing the Westgard Rules in clinical laboratory quality control?
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In what year was the Bureau of Science established?
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What was the original purpose of the clinical laboratory established by the US Army in Manila?
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Which scientist is credited with demonstrating that surgical infections are caused by airborne organisms?
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Who was the first director of the Bureau of Government Laboratories?
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In what year did Gregor Mendel establish his law of inherited characteristics?
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Which discovery is attributed to Howard Ricketts in 1906?
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Who prepared the syllabus for the training program for laboratory workers?
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What happened to the clinical laboratory after the US Army left in June 1943?
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What major advancement in medical technology occurred in 1903?
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Which technology was introduced in 1939 to assist cardiac surgeries?
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What was the focus of the American Society for Clinical Pathology established in 1922?
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Which institution was primarily responsible for laboratory testing requirements in Pennsylvania in 1918?
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What significant event regarding medical technology occurred in the United States in 1941?
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When was the Laboratorio Municipal de Manila established, and what was its purpose?
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Which healthcare figure is associated with the Kenny Method for treating polio developed in 1910?
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What historical medical institution was founded in the Philippines in 1611?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Medical Technology
- Medical technologists perform laboratory tests vital for disease diagnosis and treatment decisions by doctors.
- Their responsibility includes providing accurate data, crucial due to the potential life-and-death consequences of test results.
- Tests include basic procedures like pregnancy tests to complex diagnostics for diseases such as diabetes, AIDS, and cancer using advanced equipment.
Definitions of Medical Technology
- Heinemann: Applies natural, physical, and biological science principles to laboratory procedures aiding diagnosis and treatment.
- Fagelson: Focuses on laboratory analyses for disease diagnosis and health maintenance.
- Walters: Health profession dedicated to performing laboratory analyses necessary for disease diagnosis and treatment.
- R.A 5527: An auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine involving the examination of human body specimens to assist in diagnosing and promoting health.
Historical Context
- 18th Century: Utilization of mechanical techniques and cadaver dissections improved objective diagnosis; public hesitance towards physical examinations by physicians persisted.
- 19th Century: Increased reliance on machines for diagnosis; introduction of devices like the spirometer (John Hutchinson) and sphygmomanometer (Jules Herisson) for measurement of vital signs.
Key Technological Breakthroughs
- Stethoscope (1816): Invented by Rene Laennec; first diagnostic tool for hearing heart and lung sounds.
- Microscope (1840): Developed by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; foundational for modern microscopy.
- Ophthalmoscope (1850): Created by Hermann von Helmholtz; first tool to visualize the interior of the eye.
- Laryngoscope (1855): Devised by Manuel Garcia; allows examination of the larynx.
- X-ray (1859): Discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen; facilitated non-invasive viewing of internal structures.
Key Innovations in Medical Technology
- 1903: First electrocardiograph developed by William Einthoven, measuring heart electrical activity.
- 1927: Introduction of the Drinker Respirator, aiding patients with respiratory failure.
- 1939: First heart-lung bypass machine created by John Gibbon, revolutionizing cardiac surgery.
- 1941: Advancements led to cardiac catheterization and angiography.
History in the United States
- 1918: John Kolmer's publication led to the establishment of legislation for hospital laboratories and technician employment.
- 1922: Foundation of the American Society for Clinical Pathology aimed at fostering cooperation between physicians and pathologists.
- 1950: Medical technologists pushed for formal recognition and licensure laws to validate their educational qualifications.
History in the Philippines
- 1578 - 1611: Establishment of early hospitals and medical education institutions like the University of Santo Tomas.
- 1901: Bureau of Government Laboratories founded to oversee laboratory examination processes.
- 26th Medical Technology Unit: Established during WWII, now known as Manila Public Health Laboratory; first formal training of laboratory workers began.
- 1954: Manila Sanitarium and Hospital started the first Medical Technology school in the Philippines.
Significant Discoveries and Innovations
- Edward Jenner (1796): Pioneered vaccination for smallpox.
- Louis Pasteur (1857): Developed immunity to rabies.
- Joseph Lister (1870): Established procedures for infection prevention in surgeries.
- Karl Landsteiner (1902): Identified blood group systems through the ABO system.
- James Westgard (1973): Introduced Westgard Rules for quality control in laboratories.
Modern Impact
- Innovations and breakthroughs in medical technology have significantly improved diagnosis, treatment, and health outcomes globally. Importance continues to evolve with advancements in laboratory science.
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Description
Explore the evolution of medical technology in this lesson. Understand the critical role of medical technologists in laboratory testing that informs diagnostic and treatment decisions in healthcare. This quiz will test your grasp of key concepts and historical milestones in the field.
